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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Filter uniq field values (non-substring) Post 302900619 by alister on Wednesday 7th of May 2014 11:01:49 PM
Old 05-08-2014
Since the strings tested aren't regular expressions, using the regular expression operator is, at best, unnecessarily expensive. At worst, if the strings are allowed to contain regular expression metacharacters, it can lead to an erroneous result.

I suggest using index() instead. For non-trivial data sets, it will also speed things up dramatically.

Testing a near-worst case scenario. The file contains 1501 lines and only the last line contains a string which is a substring of another. Note that while gawk is used, testing with mawk and nawk showed similar improvements:
Code:
$ yes | awk 'NR>1500 {exit} {print NR, NR+1000} END {print NR, 25}' > 1501_1.txt
$ tail -n5 1501_1.txt 
1497 2497
1498 2498
1499 2499
1500 2500
1501 25
$ time gawk '{for(i in a) {if (i~$2) next;if ($2 ~ i) delete a[i]};a[$2]=$0}END {for (i in a) print a[i]}' 1501_1.txt | tail -n5
638 1638
269 1269
228 1228
639 1639
229 1229

real	0m10.462s
user	0m10.149s
sys	0m0.276s
$ time gawk '{for(i in a) {if (index(i,$2)) next;if (index($2, i)) delete a[i]};a[$2]=$0}END {for (i in a) print a[i]}' 1501_1.txt | tail -n5
638 1638
269 1269
228 1228
639 1639
229 1229

real	0m0.895s
user	0m0.892s
sys	0m0.004s

Regards,
Alister
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REGEXP(6)							   Games Manual 							 REGEXP(6)

NAME
regexp - regular expression notation DESCRIPTION
A regular expression specifies a set of strings of characters. A member of this set of strings is said to be matched by the regular expression. In many applications a delimiter character, commonly bounds a regular expression. In the following specification for regular expressions the word `character' means any character (rune) but newline. The syntax for a regular expression e0 is e3: literal | charclass | '.' | '^' | '$' | '(' e0 ')' e2: e3 | e2 REP REP: '*' | '+' | '?' e1: e2 | e1 e2 e0: e1 | e0 '|' e1 A literal is any non-metacharacter, or a metacharacter (one of .*+?[]()|^$), or the delimiter preceded by A charclass is a nonempty string s bracketed [s] (or [^s]); it matches any character in (or not in) s. A negated character class never matches newline. A substring a-b, with a and b in ascending order, stands for the inclusive range of characters between a and b. In s, the metacharacters an initial and the regular expression delimiter must be preceded by a other metacharacters have no special meaning and may appear unescaped. A matches any character. A matches the beginning of a line; matches the end of the line. The REP operators match zero or more (*), one or more (+), zero or one (?), instances respectively of the preceding regular expression e2. A concatenated regular expression, e1e2, matches a match to e1 followed by a match to e2. An alternative regular expression, e0|e1, matches either a match to e0 or a match to e1. A match to any part of a regular expression extends as far as possible without preventing a match to the remainder of the regular expres- sion. SEE ALSO
awk(1), ed(1), sam(1), sed(1), regexp(2) REGEXP(6)
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