Installing packages...need help with the basics Post: 302899170

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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Installing packages...need help with the basics Post 302899170 by Smiling Dragon on Monday 28th of April 2014 12:45:05 AM

04-28-2014

Registered User

Typically (ie you can do what you like within reason but most people follow this guideline):

/usr/bin is where the OS has it's executable code, it's also where software that is installed via the OS's package management system (eg .dmg files on Mac).
/usr/local/bin is where custom executable code goes, things that aren't managed by any sort of version control in the OS or packages (eg download thing, compile thing, run "make install")
You can fulfil dependancies by either getting the right precompiled package, or by compiling yourself (make). You can mix and match, but typically I prefer to use only one method to supply dependancies (especially so if they are only going to be used by that one tool I'm trying to get going) A good rule of thumb is to try really hard to find a 'proper' package for the thing you want, then revert to compiling if you really have to (or if you really need a special version of it or compile option)
When you run a "make install" it will follow whatever instructions are in the makefile. Usually, when you run ./configure, it'll set up a few variables automatically to sensible defaults, including the install path.
If you want to copy files into protected arts of the OS (/usr/bin and /usr/local/bin for example), you need root privs, sudo grants these to the command you specify immediately after the word "sudo" (eg sudo echo "I am root for this command only")
Hitting tab should expand all available commands, but that's probably not what you really want to do. Use ls on the install dir to look for it:
Code:
```
ls /usr/local/bin
```
or
Code:
```
ls /usr/bin
```
Generally speaking, you compile things for the local environment. You can cross-compile but it's a bit fiddly to explain in a forum post.

Smiling Dragon

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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN

tasksel

TASKSEL(8)						      Debian specific manpage							TASKSEL(8)

NAME

       tasksel - a user interface for installing tasks

SYNOPSIS

       tasksel install <task>

       tasksel remove <task>

       tasksel [options]

DESCRIPTION

       tasksel shows all available tasks and allows to user to select ones to install

OPTIONS

       -t, --test
	   test mode; don't actually install or remove packages

       --new-install
	   automatically select some tasks without even displaying them to the user; default other tasks to on; used during new Debian installs.

       --list-tasks
	   list on stdout the tasks that would be displayed in the tasksel interface

       --task-packages task
	   lists on stdout the packages that are available and part of the given task

	   Note that this option may be given more than once.

       --task-desc task
	   outputs the extended description of the given task

       --debconf-apt-progress options
	   Pass the specified options to the debconf-apt-progress command that tasksel runs.

SEE ALSO

       dpkg(8), apt-get(8)

FILES

       /usr/share/tasksel/*.desc and /usr/local/share/tasksel/*.desc are used to define tasks.

AUTHOR

       tasksel was written by Randolph Chung <tausq@debian.org> and Joey Hess <joeyh@debian.org>

HISTORY

       This document first appeared with tasksel-1.0

3.14.1								    2012-08-27								TASKSEL(8)