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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Installing packages...need help with the basics Post 302899170 by Smiling Dragon on Monday 28th of April 2014 12:45:05 AM
Old 04-28-2014
Typically (ie you can do what you like within reason but most people follow this guideline):
  • /usr/bin is where the OS has it's executable code, it's also where software that is installed via the OS's package management system (eg .dmg files on Mac).
  • /usr/local/bin is where custom executable code goes, things that aren't managed by any sort of version control in the OS or packages (eg download thing, compile thing, run "make install")
  • You can fulfil dependancies by either getting the right precompiled package, or by compiling yourself (make). You can mix and match, but typically I prefer to use only one method to supply dependancies (especially so if they are only going to be used by that one tool I'm trying to get going) A good rule of thumb is to try really hard to find a 'proper' package for the thing you want, then revert to compiling if you really have to (or if you really need a special version of it or compile option)
  • When you run a "make install" it will follow whatever instructions are in the makefile. Usually, when you run ./configure, it'll set up a few variables automatically to sensible defaults, including the install path.
  • If you want to copy files into protected arts of the OS (/usr/bin and /usr/local/bin for example), you need root privs, sudo grants these to the command you specify immediately after the word "sudo" (eg sudo echo "I am root for this command only")
  • Hitting tab should expand all available commands, but that's probably not what you really want to do. Use ls on the install dir to look for it:
    Code:
    ls /usr/local/bin

    or
    Code:
    ls /usr/bin

  • Generally speaking, you compile things for the local environment. You can cross-compile but it's a bit fiddly to explain in a forum post.
 

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GZEXE(1)                                                      General Commands Manual                                                     GZEXE(1)

NAME
gzexe - compress executable files in place SYNOPSIS
gzexe name ... DESCRIPTION
The gzexe utility allows you to compress executables in place and have them automatically uncompress and execute when you run them (at a penalty in performance). For example if you execute ``gzexe /usr/bin/gdb'' it will create the following two files: -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 1026675 Jun 7 13:53 /usr/bin/gdb -rwxr-xr-x 1 root root 2304524 May 30 13:02 /usr/bin/gdb~ /usr/bin/gdb~ is the original file and /usr/bin/gdb is the self-uncompressing executable file. You can remove /usr/bin/gdb~ once you are sure that /usr/bin/gdb works properly. This utility is most useful on systems with very small disks. OPTIONS
-d Decompress the given executables instead of compressing them. SEE ALSO
gzip(1), znew(1), zmore(1), zcmp(1), zforce(1) CAVEATS
The compressed executable is a shell script. This may create some security holes. In particular, the compressed executable relies on the PATH environment variable to find gzip and some standard utilities (basename, chmod, ln, mkdir, mktemp, rm, sleep, and tail). BUGS
gzexe attempts to retain the original file attributes on the compressed executable, but you may have to fix them manually in some cases, using chmod or chown. GZEXE(1)
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