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Full Discussion: Help with Linux shell
Special Forums UNIX Desktop Questions & Answers Help with Linux shell Post 302860299 by red20132014 on Saturday 5th of October 2013 02:36:22 PM
Old 10-05-2013
Help with Linux shell

Taking a class and having trouble with this whole section.

1. What is the name of the action the shell performs on your command-line after you hit the ENTER key (i.e., to cut your command-line syntax into its constituent tokens, including its commands, options and arguments)?
Hint: It is a word that begins with a “p”

2. What is the name of the important shell variable that is used to find where the command you entered might be stored in the file system, allowing you to make changes to these locations as needed (i.e., to add your own, personal ~/bin directory to the search list)?
Hint: It is a word that begins with a “P”


3. Figure out what the following sequence of commands is trying to accomplish - that is, the end result - and write a single command-line syntax to achieve the same result, using sort as a filter (i.e., don't use sort as the first command), and without creating any new files at all (that is, other than the one that already existed before you started your command-line, and that serves as the input in this example). Do not create and then delete files in your solution. Type your command-line solution:
Hint: Do not use any temp files...

$ sort list > temp
$ lpr temp
$ rm temp
 

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cut(1)							      General Commands Manual							    cut(1)

Name
       cut - cut out selected fields of each line of a file

Syntax
       cut -clist [file1 file2...]
       cut -flist [-dchar] [-s] [file1 file2...]

Description
       Use  the  command to cut out columns from a table or fields from each line of a file.  The fields as specified by list can be fixed length,
       that is, character positions as on a punched card (-c option), or the length can vary from line to line and be marked with a  field  delim-
       iter character like tab (-f option).  The command can be used as a filter.  If no files are given, the standard input is used.

       Use to make horizontal ``cuts'' (by context) through a file, or to put files together in columns.  To reorder columns in a table, use and

Options
       list	   Specifies  ranges  that must be a comma-separated list of integer field numbers in increasing order.  With optional - indicates
		   ranges as in the -o option of nroff/troff for page ranges; for example, 1,4,7; 1-3,8; -5,10 (short for 1-5,10);  or	3-  (short
		   for third through last field).

       -clist	   Specifies character positions to be cut out.  For example, -c1-72 would pass the first 72 characters of each line.

       -flist	   Specifies  the  fields  to be cut out.  For example, -f1,7 copies the first and seventh field only.	Lines with no field delim-
		   iters are passed through intact (useful for table subheadings), unless -s is specified.

       -dchar	   Uses the specified character as the field delimiter.  Default is tab.  Space or other characters with special  meaning  to  the
		   shell must be quoted.  The -d option is used only in combination with the -f option, according to XPG3 and SVID2/SVID3.

       -s	   Suppresses  lines  with  no	delimiter  characters.	 Unless  specified, lines with no delimiters are passed through untouched.
		   Either the -c or -f option must be specified.

Examples
       Mapping of user IDs to names:
       cut -d: -f1,5 /etc/passwd
       To set name to the current login name for the csh shell:
       set name=`who am i | cut -f1 -d" "`
       To set name to the current login name for the sh, sh5, and ksh shells:
       name=`who am i | cut -f1 -d" "`

Diagnostics
       "line too long"	   A line can have no more than 511 characters or fields.

       "bad list for c/f option"
			   Missing -c or -f option or incorrectly specified list.  No error occurs if a line has fewer fields than the list  calls
			   for.

       "no fields"	   The list is empty.

See Also
       grep(1), paste(1)

																	    cut(1)
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