05-04-2013
What 4 Gigabytes memory limit? This is not Microsoft Windows NT.
There is a 2 Gigabyte file size addressing limit with 32-bit HP-UX Operating Systems. The theoretical 2 Gigabyte memory addressing limit in HP-UX was addressed by changing the page size such that the the maximum became a multiple of the page size. Watch the boot-up on a large memory 32-bit system (16 Gb) when it relocates memory. You should see the same on a 4 Gigabyte memory system.
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
memdump
MEMDUMP(1) General Commands Manual MEMDUMP(1)
NAME
memdump - memory dumper
SYNOPSIS
memdump [-kv] [-b buffer_size] [-d dump_size] [-m map_file] [-p page_size]
DESCRIPTION
This program dumps system memory to the standard output stream, skipping over holes in memory maps. By default, the program dumps the con-
tents of physical memory (/dev/mem).
Output is in the form of a raw dump; if necessary, use the -m option to capture memory layout information.
Output should be sent off-host over the network, to avoid changing all the memory in the file system cache. Use netcat, stunnel, or
openssl, depending on your requirements.
The size arguments below understand the k (kilo) m (mega) and g (giga) suffixes. Suffixes are case insensitive.
Options
-k Attempt to dump kernel memory (/dev/kmem) rather than physical memory.
Warning: this can lock up the system to the point that you have to use the power switch (for example, Solaris 8 on 64-bit SPARC).
Warning: this produces bogus results on Linux 2.2 kernels.
Warning: this is very slow on 64-bit machines because the entire memory address range has to be searched.
Warning: kernel virtual memory mappings change frequently. Depending on the operating system, mappings smaller than page_size or
buffer_size may be missed or may be reported incorrectly.
-b buffer_size (default: 0)
Number of bytes per memory read operation. By default, the program uses the page_size value.
Warning: a too large read buffer size causes memory to be missed on FreeBSD or Solaris.
-d dump-size (default: 0)
Number of memory bytes to dump. By default, the program runs until the memory device reports an end-of-file (Linux), or until it has
dumped from /dev/mem as much memory as reported present by the kernel (FreeBSD, Solaris), or until pointer wrap-around happens.
Warning: a too large value causes the program to spend a lot of time skipping over non-existent memory on Solaris systems.
Warning: a too large value causes the program to copy non-existent data on FreeBSD systems.
-m map_file
Write the memory map to map_file, one entry per line. Specify -m- to write to the standard error stream. Each map entry consists
of a region start address and the first address beyond that region. Addresses are separated by space, and are printed as hexadecimal
numbers (0xhhhh).
-p page_size (default: 0)
Use page_size as the memory page size. By default the program uses the system page size.
Warning: a too large page size causes memory to be missed while skipping over holes in memory.
-v Enable verbose logging for debugging purposes. Multiple -v options make the program more verbose.
BUGS
On many hardware platforms the firmware (boot PROM, BIOS, etc.) takes away some memory. This memory is not accessible through /dev/mem.
This program should produce output in a format that supports structure information such as ELF.
LICENSE
This software is distributed under the IBM Public License.
AUTHOR
Wietse Venema
IBM T.J. Watson Research
P.O. Box 704
USA
MEMDUMP(1)