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Operating Systems AIX Undestanding LANG setting in /etc/environment Post 302778219 by Don Cragun on Sunday 10th of March 2013 06:08:01 AM
Old 03-10-2013
Quote:
Originally Posted by bakunin
There are many AIX facilities which are represented differently in various cultures. Language (of the man pages, of command status output, ...), how numbers are represented, keyboard layout and many other things. All this is controlled by some environment variables of which "LANG" is one (and probably the most important). Issue the "set" command and you will see "LANG", but probably also "LC_MESSAGES" and a few others.

It is possible to control this "language environment" for every process separately, simply by setting the language variable to a different value upon process start, like this:

Code:
# (export LANG=<some_value> ; command)

Now for the role of "/etc/environment": as you have issued "set" you sure have noticed there are a lot of variables assigned. Most of these variables are not set explicitly by you, but get assigned default values. These system-wide default values are stored in "/etc/environment". Have a look at it, it is a simple text file with declarations in the form

Code:
# comment line
variable=value

Every time you log in your environment initially gets filled with these defaults. After this your own changes to the environment are being applied and you can change and override any of these defaults. You certainly have a special user for the program you are talking about. If you depend on the LANG variable to have a certain value it is a wise idea to explicitly set it in your startup scripts ("~/.profile") even if it is to the same value as the default. Even if the default changes your environment will remain as it is. I suggest to add a line

Code:
LANG=C ; export LANG

to your profile or shell startup script. The "export" keyword will make sure every process started from this process inherits this setting. Btw.: the same is true for other environment settings one of your programs depend on. Set these explicitly, even if it is to the same value the variable already has. When the default changes you avoid possible problems.

I hope this helps.

bakunin
Setting LANG=C will do what Aaron Boyce wants only if neither LC_ALL nor LC_NUMERIC is set in the environment. LC_NUMERIC will override LANG for purposes of determining the radix character used and the formatting of numeric output. LC_ALL will override both LANG and LC_NUMERIC.

If LC_NUMERIC is effectively set to a value that sets non-null thousands separators or that uses comma as the radix character, you need to take extra precautions when working with CSV files that contain numeric strings that represent non-integral values, or integral values greater than 999 or less than -999.
 

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ocount(1)						      General Commands Manual							 ocount(1)

NAME
ocount - Event counting tool for Linux SYNOPSIS
ocount [ options ] [ --system-wide | --process-list <pids> | --thread-list <tids> | --cpu-list <cpus> [ command [ args ] ] ] DESCRIPTION
ocount is an OProfile tool that can be used to count native hardware events occurring in either a given application, a set of processes or threads, a subset of active system processors, or the entire system. The data collected during a counting session is displayed to stdout by default or, optionally, to a file. When counting multiple events, the kernel may not be able to count all events simultaneously and, thus, may need to multiplex the counting of the events. If this happens, the "Percent time enabled" column in the ocount output will be less than 100, but counts are scaled up to a 100% estimated value. RUN MODES
One (and only one) of the following run modes must be specified. If you run ocount using a run mode other than command [args] , press Ctrl-c to stop ocount when finished counting (e.g., when the monitored process ends). If you background ocount (i.e., with '&') while using one these run modes, you must stop it in a controlled manner so that the data collection process can be shut down cleanly and final results can be displayed. Use kill -SIGINT <ocount-PID> for this purpose. command [args] The command is the application for which to count events. args are the input arguments required by the application. The command and its arguments must be positioned at the end of the command line, after all ocount options. --process-list / -p pids Use this option to count events for one or more already-running applications, specified via a comma-separated list ( pids ). Event counts will be collected for all children of the passed process(es) as well. --thread-list / -r tids Use this option to count events for one or more already-running threads, specified via a comma-separated list ( tids ). Event counts will not be collected for any children of the passed thread(s). --system-wide / -s This option is for counting events for all processes running on your system. You must have root authority to run ocount in this mode. --cpu-list / -C cpus This option is for counting events on a subset of processors on your system. You must have root authority to run ocount in this mode. This is a comma-separated list, where each element in the list may be either a single processor number or a range of processor numbers; for example: '-C 2,3,4-11,15'. OTHER OPTIONS
--events / -e event1[,event2[,...]] This option is for passing a comma-separated list of event specifications for counting. Each event spec is of the form: name[:unitmask[:kernel[:user]]] Note: Do not include a count value in the event spec, as that parameter is only need when profiling. You can specify unit mask values using either a numerical value (hex values must begin with "0x") or a symbolic name (if the name=<um_name> field is shown in the ophelp output). For some named unit masks, the hex value is not unique; thus, OProfile tools enforce specifying such unit masks value by name. If no unit mask is specified, the default unit mask value for the event is used. Event names for certain processor types include a _GRP<n> suffix. For such cases, the --events option may be specified with or without the _GRP<n> suffix. When no event specification is given, the default event for the running processor type will be used for counting. Use ophelp to list the available events for your processor type. --separate-thread / -t This option can be used in conjunction with either the --process-list or --thread-list option to display event counts on a per- thread (per-process) basis. Without this option, all counts are aggregated. NOTE: If new threads are started by the process(es) being monitored after counting begins, the counts for those threads are aggre- gated with their parent's counts. --separate-cpu / -c This option can be used in conjunction with either the --system-wide or --cpu-list option to display event counts on a per-cpu basis. Without this option, all counts are aggregated. --time-interval / -i num_seconds[:num_intervals] Results collected for each time interval are printed every num_seconds instead of the default of one dump of cumulative event counts at the end of the run. If num_intervals is specified, ocount exits after the specified number of intervals occur. --brief-format / -b Use this option to print results in the following brief format: [optional cpu or thread,]<event_name>,<count>,<percent_time_enabled> [ <int> ,]< string >,< u64 >,< double > If --timer-interval is specified, a separate line formatted as timestamp,<num_seconds_since_epoch> is printed ahead of each dump of event counts. --output-file / -f outfile_name Results are written to outfile_name instead of interactively to the terminal. --verbose / -V Use this option to increase the verbosity of the output. --version / -v Show ocount version. --help / -h Display brief usage message. --usage / -u Display brief usage message. EXAMPLE
$ ocount make VERSION
This man page is current for oprofile-0.9.9. SEE ALSO
operf(1). oprofile 0.9.9 Tue 10 June 2014 ocount(1)
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