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Full Discussion: Unable to echo the content
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Unable to echo the content Post 302772056 by Don Cragun on Friday 22nd of February 2013 03:02:45 PM
Old 02-22-2013
Quote:
Originally Posted by MadeInGermany
ksh has a funny behavior with e.g.
Code:
echo "\\a"

I did not find an explanation in man ksh,
but it helped to replace echo with printf...:
Code:
printf "%s\n" "\\a"

We've gone over this several times before in other threads. The echo command is not portable if the 1st argument starts with a minus sign or if any argument contains a backslash character.

This isn't ksh versus bash or other shells; it is whether the echo on your system behaves as specified by UNIX System V, as specified by BSD, or as specified by Linux. All three behave differently when parsing options and when handling backslash characters.

If you are trying to write a portable script use printf instead of echo whenever it is possible that the arguments you would be passing to echo violate either of these constraints.
This User Gave Thanks to Don Cragun For This Post:
 

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echo(1B)					     SunOS/BSD Compatibility Package Commands						  echo(1B)

NAME
echo - echo arguments to standard output SYNOPSIS
/usr/ucb/echo [-n] [argument] DESCRIPTION
echo writes its arguments, separated by BLANKs and terminated by a NEWLINE, to the standard output. echo is useful for producing diagnostics in command files and for sending known data into a pipe, and for displaying the contents of envi- ronment variables. For example, you can use echo to determine how many subdirectories below the root directory (/) is your current directory, as follows: o echo your current-working-directory's full pathname o pipe the output through tr to translate the path's embedded slash-characters into space-characters o pipe that output through wc -w for a count of the names in your path. example% /usr/bin/echo "echo $PWD | tr '/' ' ' | wc -w" See tr(1) and wc(1) for their functionality. The shells csh(1), ksh(1), and sh(1), each have an echo built-in command, which, by default, will have precedence, and will be invoked if the user calls echo without a full pathname. /usr/ucb/echo and csh's echo() have an -n option, but do not understand back-slashed escape characters. sh's echo(), ksh's echo(), and /usr/bin/echo, on the other hand, understand the black-slashed escape characters, and ksh's echo() also understands a as the audible bell character; however, these commands do not have an -n option. OPTIONS
-n Do not add the NEWLINE to the output. ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |Availability |SUNWscpu | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ SEE ALSO
csh(1), echo(1), ksh(1), sh(1), tr(1), wc(1), attributes(5) NOTES
The -n option is a transition aid for BSD applications, and may not be supported in future releases. SunOS 5.10 3 Aug 1994 echo(1B)
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