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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Compare & Copy Directories : Bash Script Help Post 302744797 by Rod on Friday 14th of December 2012 08:05:14 PM
Old 12-14-2012
Compare & Copy Directories : Bash Script Help

Beginner/Intermediate shell; comfortable in the command line.

I have been looking for a solution to a backup problem. I need to compare Directory 1 to Directory 2 and copy all modified or new files/directories from Directory 1 to Directory 3. I need the directory and file structure to be mirrored on Directory 3. Another way of thinking about the logic is: Dir1 - Dir2 = Dir3. I want Dir3 to be portable between users/machines so I don't think an incremental backup with hardlinks will work. Seems like it should be easy right?

I found a scripts that seems like it could do the trick. However, I'm having some trouble getting it to work properly. It compares Dir1 to Dir2 and copies all new or modified files into Dir3 but it does NOT recreate the directory structure on the target. Instead all files end up in a flat folder.

From Statckoverflow . com

Code:
#!/bin/bash
#
# setup folders for our different stages
#
Dir1=/Users/username/source1
Dir2=/Users/username/source2
Dir3=/Users/username/target
#
cd $Dir1
for f in *f
do
# Diff the files - ignore the output...
    diff $f $Dir2 > /dev/null 2>&1
# ...but get the status
    status=$?
    if [ $status -eq 0 ] ; then
# Files are identical - don't copy the file
        echo $f unchanged
    elif [ $status -eq 1 ] ; then
# Files differ - copy new file
        echo $f changed
        cp $f $diff
    elif [ $status -eq 2 ] ; then
# Old file doesn't exist - copy new file
        echo old $f does not exist
        cp $f $diff
    fi
done

I started my reading with rsync. I've used it for back up - locally and over ssh between NAS servers. It should be able to do the job, right? I just couldn't find examples to guide me and I don't know enough and / or have enough time to do it unaided. Researching it I got side tracked by diff which I didn't know much about but it looked promising.

My preference is to do this with a bash script. Anyone have any ideas?

Thanks!

Last edited by Rod; 12-14-2012 at 09:56 PM..
 

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RBASH(1)						      General Commands Manual							  RBASH(1)

NAME
rbash - restricted bash, see bash(1) RESTRICTED SHELL
If bash is started with the name rbash, or the -r option is supplied at invocation, the shell becomes restricted. A restricted shell is used to set up an environment more controlled than the standard shell. It behaves identically to bash with the exception that the follow- ing are disallowed or not performed: o changing directories with cd o setting or unsetting the values of SHELL, PATH, ENV, or BASH_ENV o specifying command names containing / o specifying a filename containing a / as an argument to the . builtin command o specifying a filename containing a slash as an argument to the -p option to the hash builtin command o importing function definitions from the shell environment at startup o parsing the value of SHELLOPTS from the shell environment at startup o redirecting output using the >, >|, <>, >&, &>, and >> redirection operators o using the exec builtin command to replace the shell with another command o adding or deleting builtin commands with the -f and -d options to the enable builtin command o using the enable builtin command to enable disabled shell builtins o specifying the -p option to the command builtin command o turning off restricted mode with set +r or set +o restricted. These restrictions are enforced after any startup files are read. When a command that is found to be a shell script is executed, rbash turns off any restrictions in the shell spawned to execute the script. SEE ALSO
bash(1) GNU Bash-4.0 2004 Apr 20 RBASH(1)
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