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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Help please with FTP timer script Post 302728061 by bakunin on Wednesday 7th of November 2012 09:50:09 AM
Old 11-07-2012
No problem.

To learn shell scripting is complex and easy at the same time. It is complex because shell scripting is a programming language and it has to be learned like any other programming language. This is too much information to be passed to do so in a forum by exchanging postings. Buy a good book and read that, we have even a list of recommendable books in the forum. My personal favourite for learning the "Korn Shell", one of the most common shells there are, is

Barry Rosenberg, Hands-On KornShell93 Programming


Yet, script programming is easy because basically every command you enter on the command line could be put into a simple text file and then executed as script. Example:

You enter at the command line "ls -l" to list the directory content. Now let us turn this into a script:

Code:
#!/bin/ksh

ls -l

put that into a file called "myscript.sh", make it executable by issuing:

Code:
chmod 754 myscript.sh

and then execute it:

Code:
./myscript.sh

That is all - you have written your first script. Some details need explanation, though: you probably notice the first line. This simply tells the system, when executing the script, it should load this specific shell "/bin/ksh" first and execute the script with it. You can leave this line out but a Unix system can have several different shells installed and if you want control over which one it uses for your script you will want to make that clear by this first line.

If your system doesn't have "/bin/sh" replace it with any other shell. A script that basic will probably be executed by every shell. Still, if you pick a shell you should select one which is POSIX-compatible and common, which leaves 2 shells foremost: Korn shell (ksh) and Bourne again Shell (bash). Of these two i prefer "ksh", but this is at least partially personal preference.

To your problem: what you showed as "script" is basically some ftp-script. "ftp" is the client side of the "file transfer protocol" and a client-/server- software which implements that. "ftp" is interactive and can take commands from the user while it runs. The "script" is simply a list of such commands. To the shell this is only one command (the "ftp" itself). As i told you above you can put this into a script just the way you issue it on command line.

I hope this helps.

bakunin
 

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exit(1)                                                            User Commands                                                           exit(1)

NAME
exit, return, goto - shell built-in functions to enable the execution of the shell to advance beyond its sequence of steps SYNOPSIS
sh exit [n] return [n] csh exit [ ( expr )] goto label ksh *exit [n] *return [n] DESCRIPTION
sh exit will cause the calling shell or shell script to exit with the exit status specified by n. If n is omitted the exit status is that of the last command executed (an EOF will also cause the shell to exit.) return causes a function to exit with the return value specified by n. If n is omitted, the return status is that of the last command exe- cuted. csh exit will cause the calling shell or shell script to exit, either with the value of the status variable or with the value specified by the expression expr. The goto built-in uses a specified label as a search string amongst commands. The shell rewinds its input as much as possible and searches for a line of the form label: possibly preceded by space or tab characters. Execution continues after the indicated line. It is an error to jump to a label that occurs between a while or for built-in command and its corresponding end. ksh exit will cause the calling shell or shell script to exit with the exit status specified by n. The value will be the least significant 8 bits of the specified status. If n is omitted then the exit status is that of the last command executed. When exit occurs when executing a trap, the last command refers to the command that executed before the trap was invoked. An end-of-file will also cause the shell to exit except for a shell which has the ignoreeof option (See set below) turned on. return causes a shell function or '.' script to return to the invoking script with the return status specified by n. The value will be the least significant 8 bits of the specified status. If n is omitted then the return status is that of the last command executed. If return is invoked while not in a function or a '.' script, then it is the same as an exit. On this man page, ksh(1) commands that are preceded by one or two * (asterisks) are treated specially in the following ways: 1. Variable assignment lists preceding the command remain in effect when the command completes. 2. I/O redirections are processed after variable assignments. 3. Errors cause a script that contains them to abort. 4. Words, following a command preceded by ** that are in the format of a variable assignment, are expanded with the same rules as a vari- able assignment. This means that tilde substitution is performed after the = sign and word splitting and file name generation are not performed. ATTRIBUTES
See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | |Availability |SUNWcsu | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ SEE ALSO
break(1), csh(1), ksh(1), sh(1), attributes(5) SunOS 5.10 15 Apr 1994 exit(1)
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