pcfs(7FS)							   File Systems 							 pcfs(7FS)

NAME

       pcfs - DOS formatted file system

SYNOPSIS

       #include <sys/param.h>
       #include <sys/mount.h>
       #include <sys/fs/pc_fs.h>

       int mount(const char *spec, const char *dir, int  mflag, "pcfs", structpcfs_args, struct *pc_argp, sizeof (struct pcfs_args));

DESCRIPTION

       pcfs is a file system type that enables direct access to files on DOS formatted disks from within the SunOS operating system.

       Once  mounted,  pcfs  provides standard SunOS file operations and semantics. Using pcfs, you can create, delete, read, and write files on a
       DOS formatted disk.  You can also create and delete directories and list files in a directory.

       pcfs supports FAT12 (floppies) and FAT16 and FAT32 file systems.

       The pcfs file system contained on the block special file identified by spec is mounted on the directory identified by dir. spec and dir are
       pointers  to  pathnames.  mflag	specifies the  mount options. The MS_DATA bit in mflag must be set. Mounting a pcfs file system requires a
       pointer to a structure containing mount flags and local timezone  information, *pc_argp:

       struct pcfs_args {
	   int timezone;     /* seconds west of Greenwich */
	   int daylight;     /* type of dst correction */
	   int flags;
	   };

       The information required in the timezone and daylight members of this structure is described in
	ctime(3C). flags can contain the PCFS_MNT_FOLDCASE flag. Fold names read from the file system to lowercase.

   Mounting File Systems
       Use the following command to mount pcfs from diskette:

       mount -F pcfs device-special directory-name

       You can use:

       mount directory-name

       if the following line is in your /etc/vfstab file:

       device-special - directory-namepcfs - no rw

       Use the following command to mount pcfs from non-diskette media:

       mount -F pcfs device-special:logical-drive directory-name

       You can use:

       mount directory-name

       if the following line is in your /etc/vfstab file:

       device-special:logical_drive - directory-name pcfs - no rw

       device-special specifies the special block device file for the diskette (/dev/disketteN) or the entire hard disk (/dev/dsk/cNtNdNp0  for  a
       SCSI disk, and /dev/dsk/cNdNp0 for  IDE disks) or the  PCMCIA pseudo-floppy memory card (/dev/dsk/cNtNdNsN).

       logical-drive specifies either the  DOS logical drive letter  (c through z) or a drive number  (1 through 24). Drive letter c is equivalent
       to drive number 1 and represents the Primary DOS partition on the disk; drive letters  d through  z are	equivalent  to	drive  numbers	 2
       through
	24,  and  represent   DOS  drives  within the Extended	DOS partition.	Note that device-special and logical-drive  must be separated by a
       colon.

       directory-name specifies the location where the file system is mounted.

       For example, to mount the Primary DOS partition from a SCSI hard disk, use:

       mount -F pcfs /dev/dsk/cNtNdNp0:c /pcfs/c

       To mount the first logical drive in the Extended  DOS partition from an IDE hard disk, use:

       mount -F pcfs /dev/dsk/cNdNp0:d /pcfs/d

       To mount a  DOS diskette in the first floppy drive when Volume Management is not running (see vold(1M)) use:

       mount -F pcfs /dev/diskette /pcfs/a

       If Volume Management is running,  run volcheck(1) to automatically mount the floppy and some removable disks.

       To mount a  PCMCIA pseudo-floppy memory card, with Volume Management not running (or not managing the  PCMCIA media), use:

       mount -F pcfs /dev/dsk/cNtNdNsN /pcfs

   Conventions
       Files and directories created through pcfs must comply with either the DOS short file name convention or  the  long  file  name	convention
       introduced  with  Windows 95. The  DOS short file name convention is of the form filename[.ext], where  filename generally consists of from
       one to eight upper-case characters,  while the optional	ext consists of from one to three upper-case characters.

       The long file name convention is much closer to Solaris file names.  A long file name can consist of any characters valid in a  short  file
       name, lowercase letters, non-leading spaces, the characters  +,;=[], any number of periods, and can be up to 255 characters long. Long file
       names have an associated short file name for systems that do not support long file names (including earlier releases of Solaris). The short
       file  name  is not visible if the system recognizes long file names. pcfs generates a unique short name automatically when creating  a long
       file name.

       Given a long file name such as This is a really long filename.TXT,  the short file name will generally be of the form THISIS~N.TXT,   where
       N  is  a number. The long file name will probably get the short name  THISIS~1.TXT, or THISIS~2.TXT if THISIS~1.TXT already exits (or  THI-
       SIS~3.TXT if both exist, and so forth). If you use pcfs file systems on systems that do not support long file names, you may want  to  con-
       tinue following the short file name conventions. See EXAMPLES.

       When  creating  a  file	name,  pcfs creates a short file name if it fits the  DOS short file name format, otherwise it creates a long file
       name. This is because long file names take more directory space. Because the root directory of a pcfs file system is fixed size, long  file
       names in the root directory should be avoided if possible.

       When  displaying  file  names, pcfs shows them exactly as they are on the media. This means that short names are displayed as uppercase and
       long file names retain their case. Earlier versions of pcfs folded all names to lowercase, which can be	forced with the  PCFS_MNT_FOLDCASE
       mount option. All file name searches within pcfs, however, are treated as if they were uppercase, so readme.txt and ReAdMe.TxT refer to the
       same file.

       To format a diskette or a PCMCIA pseudo-floppy memory card in DOS format in the SunOS system, use either the fdformat -d or the DOS  FORMAT
       command.

   Boot Partitions
       On x86 systems, hard drives may contain an fdisk partition reserved for the  Solaris boot utilities. These partitions are special instances
       of pcfs. You can mount an x86 boot partition with the command:

       mount -F pcfs device-special:boot directory-name

       or you can use:

       mount directory-name

       if the following line is in your /etc/vfstab file:

       device-special:boot - directory-name pcfs - no rw

       device-special specifies the special block device file for the entire hard disk (/dev/dsk/cNtNdNp0)

       directory-name specifies the location where the file system is mounted.

       All files on a boot partition are owned by super-user. Only the super-user may create, delete, or modify  files on a boot partition.

EXAMPLES

       Example 1: Sample Displays of File Names

       If you copy a file financial.data from a UNIX file system to  pcfs, it displays as financial.data in pcfs, but may show up as  FINANC~1.DAT
       in systems that do not support long file names.

       The following are legal long file names. They are also illegal short file names:

		 test.sh.orig

		 data+

		 .login

       Other systems that do not support long file names may see:

		 TESTSH~1.ORI

		 DATA~1

		 LOGIN~1

       The short file name is generated from the initial characters of the long file name, so differentiate names in the first few characters. For
       example, these names:

		 WorkReport.January.Data

		 WorkReport.February.Data

		 WorkReport.March.Data

       result in these short names, which are not distinguishable:

		 WORKRE~1.DAT

		 WORKRE~2.DAT

		 WORKRE~13.DAT

       These names, however:

		 January.WorkReport.Data

		 February.WorkReport.Data

		 March.WorkReport.Data

       result in the more descriptive short names:

		 JANUAR~1.DAT

		 FEBRUA~1.DAT

		 MARCHW~1.DAT

FILES

       /usr/lib/fs/pcfs/mount	       pcfs mount command

       /usr/kernel/fs/pcfs	       32-bit kernel module

SEE ALSO

       chgrp(1), chown(1),  dos2unix(1),  eject(1),  fdformat(1),   unix2dos(1),  volcheck(1),	mount(1M),  mount_pcfs(1M),  vold(1M),	ctime(3C),
       vfstab(4), pcmem(7D)

WARNINGS

       Do  not physically eject a DOS floppy while the device is mounted as pcfs. If Volume Management is managing a device, use the eject(1) com-
       mand before physically removing media.

       When mounting pcfs on a hard disk, make sure the first block on that device contains a valid fdisk partition table.

       Because pcfs has no provision for handling  owner-IDs or group-IDs on files, chown(1) or chgrp(1) may generate various errors.  This  is  a
       limitation of pcfs, but it should not cause problems other than error messages.

NOTES

       Only the following characters are allowed  in pcfs short file names and extensions:

		 0-9

		 A-Z

		 $#&@!%()-{}<>`_^~|'

       SunOS  and  DOS use different character sets and have different	requirements for the text file format. Use the dos2unix(1) and unix2dos(1)
       commands to convert files between them.

       pcfs offers a convenient transportation vehicle for files between Sun workstations and PCs. Because the DOS disk format	was  designed  for
       use  under  DOS,  it does not operate efficiently under the SunOS system and should not be used as the format  for a regular local storage.
       Instead, use ufs for local storage within the SunOS system.

       Although long file names can contain spaces (just as in UNIX file names), some utilities may be confused by them.

       This implementation of  pcfs conforms to the behavior exhibited by Windows 95 version 4.00.950.

BUGS

       pcfs should handle the disk change condition in the same way that  DOS does, so you do not need to unmount  the file system to change flop-
       pies.

       When listing or searching a directory, pcfs does not include files with the hidden or system bits set.

SunOS 5.10							    10 Apr 2001 							 pcfs(7FS)