09-02-2012
Rsync is an excellent tool for incremental backups. There are many good tutorials out there, and, of course man pages.
rsnapshot is great for doing snapshots (e.g. hourly, daily and monthly). It uses rsync and is pretty easy to configure.
To check whether a disk (or other device) is mounted, grep your /etc/mtab (assuming you are on linux).
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
fsfreeze
FSFREEZE(8) System Administration FSFREEZE(8)
NAME
fsfreeze - suspend access to a filesystem (Linux Ext3/4, ReiserFS, JFS, XFS)
SYNOPSIS
fsfreeze -f mountpoint
fsfreeze -u mountpoint
DESCRIPTION
fsfreeze suspends and resumes access to an filesystem
fsfreeze halts new access to the filesystem and creates a stable image on disk. fsfreeze is intended to be used with hardware RAID devices
that support the creation of snapshots.
fsfreeze is unnecessary for device-mapper devices. The device-mapper (and LVM) automatically freezes filesystem on the device when a snap-
shot creation is requested. For more details see the dmsetup(8) man page.
The mount-point argument is the pathname of the directory where the filesystem is mounted. The filesystem must be mounted to be frozen
(see mount(8)).
OPTIONS
-h, --help
Print help and exit.
-f, --freeze
This option requests the specified a filesystem to be frozen from new modifications. When this is selected, all ongoing transac-
tions in the filesystem are allowed to complete, new write system calls are halted, other calls which modify the filesystem are
halted, and all dirty data, metadata, and log information are written to disk. Any process attempting to write to the frozen
filesystem will block waiting for the filesystem to be unfrozen.
Note that even after freezing, the on-disk filesystem can contain information on files that are still in the process of unlinking.
These files will not be unlinked until the filesystem is unfrozen or a clean mount of the snapshot is complete.
-u, --unfreeze
This option is used to un-freeze the filesystem and allow operations to continue. Any filesystem modifications that were blocked by
the freeze are unblocked and allowed to complete.
AUTHOR
Written by Hajime Taira.
NOTES
This man page based on xfs_freeze. One of -f or -u must be supplied to fsfreeze.
SEE ALSO
mount(8)
AVAILABILITY
The fsfreeze command is part of the util-linux package and is available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/.
util-linux May 2010 FSFREEZE(8)