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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Place , character after 3 digits from left to right in a string Post 302640077 by bakunin on Monday 14th of May 2012 05:09:53 AM
Old 05-14-2012
This is a very interesting problem. Perhaps the best (=simpliest) solution is the one from Scrutinizer and it is quite idle musing to try something in one tool (sed) which could be done a lot easier in another. Still, just to satisfy my curiosity:

Several posters here have suggested variants of the following algorithm: replace every three characters with these characters plus an appended comma. Reverse before and after this:

Code:
echo <number> | rev | sed -e 's/\(...\)/\1,/g' | rev

This may work but it is interesting to try to solve it in sed alone. It is possible to set up a loop appending the rightmost character to holdspace until the pattern space is empty. This would effectively do the same as the rev utility.

But there is a much simplier way to achieve our goal. Let us first apply our algorithm without using the rev utility. The outcome, depending on the length of the number, would be one of the following three forms:

Code:
1234   -> 123,4
12345  -> 123,45
123456 -> 123,456,

We can correct the first one by moving all the commata 2 places leftwards. The second variant can be corrected by moving the commata 1 place leftwards and the last line just has one superfluous comma in the end. Therefore:

Code:
echo 12345678901234 |\
sed 's/\(...\)/\1,/g
     /,.$/ {
          s/\(..\),/,\1/g
          }
     /,..$/ {
          s/\(.\),/,\1/g
          }
     s/,$//'

Which will do the trick in sed alone. My curiosity is satisfied indeed.

bakunin
These 2 Users Gave Thanks to bakunin For This Post:
 

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floating_to_decimal(3C) 												   floating_to_decimal(3C)

NAME
floating_to_decimal, single_to_decimal, double_to_decimal, extended_to_decimal, quadruple_to_decimal - convert floating-point value to dec- imal record SYNOPSIS
#include <floatingpoint.h> void single_to_decimal(single *px, decimal_mode *pm, decimal_record *pd, fp_exception_field_type *ps); void double_to_decimal(double *px, decimal_mode *pm, decimal_record *pd, fp_exception_field_type *ps); void extended_to_decimal(extended *px, decimal_mode *pm, decimal_record *pd, fp_exception_field_type *ps); void quadruple_to_decimal(quadruple *px, decimal_mode *pm, decimal_record *pd, fp_exception_field_type *ps); The floating_to_decimal functions convert the floating-point value at *px into a decimal record at *pd, observing the modes specified in *pm and setting exceptions in *ps. If there are no IEEE exceptions, *ps will be zero. If *px is zero, infinity, or NaN, then only pd->sign and pd->fpclass are set. Otherwise pd->exponent and pd->ds are also set so that (sig)*(pd->ds)*10**(pd->exponent) is a correctly rounded approximation to *px, where sig is +1 or -1, depending upon whether pd->sign is 0 or -1. pd->ds has at least one and no more than DECIMAL_STRING_LENGTH-1 significant digits because one character is used to terminate the string with a null. pd->ds is correctly rounded according to the IEEE rounding modes in pm->rd. *ps has fp_inexact set if the result was inexact, and has fp_overflow set if the string result does not fit in pd->ds because of the limitation DECIMAL_STRING_LENGTH. If pm->df == floating_form, then pd->ds always contains pm->ndigits significant digits. Thus if *px == 12.34 and pm->ndigits == 8, then pd->ds will contain 12340000 and pd->exponent will contain -6. If pm->df == fixed_form and pm->ndigits >= 0, then the decimal value is rounded at pm->ndigits digits to the right of the decimal point. For example, if *px == 12.34 and pm->ndigits == 1, then pd->ds will contain 123 and pd->exponent will be set to -1. If pm->df == fixed_form and pm->ndigits< 0, then the decimal value is rounded at -pm->ndigits digits to the left of the decimal point, and pd->ds is padded with trailing zeros up to the decimal point. For example, if *px == 12.34 and pm->n digits == -1, then pd->ds will contain 10 and pd->exponent will be set to 0. When pm->df == fixed_form and the value to be converted is large enough that the resulting string would contain more than DECI- MAL_STRING_LENGTH-1 digits, then the string placed in pd->ds is limited to exactly DECIMAL_STRING_LENGTH-1 digits (by moving the place at which the value is rounded further left if need be), pd->exponent is adjusted accordingly and the overflow flag is set in *ps. pd->more is not used. The econvert(3C), fconvert(3C), gconvert(3C), printf(3C), and sprintf(3C) functions all use double_to_decimal(). See attributes(5) for descriptions of the following attributes: +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ | ATTRIBUTE TYPE | ATTRIBUTE VALUE | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ |MT-Level |MT-Safe | +-----------------------------+-----------------------------+ econvert(3C), fconvert(3C), gconvert(3C), printf(3C), sprintf(3C), attributes(5) 7 Jun 2005 floating_to_decimal(3C)
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