09-21-2011
They don't; rather, the shutdown user uses the processes.
'shutdown' has /sbin/shutdown assigned as the login shell. So when you login to it, it runs /sbin/shutdown.
I'm not quite sure how they get the permissions to successfully shutdown the system, though. Perhaps it's because the 'shutdown' user belongs to the root group(group 0)?
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LEARN ABOUT ULTRIX
shutdown
shutdown(8) System Manager's Manual shutdown(8)
Name
shutdown - close down the system at a given time
Syntax
/etc/shutdown [ -k ] [ -r ] [ -h ] [ -o ] time [ warning-message ... ]
Description
The command provides an automated shutdown procedure that a superuser can use to notify users when the system is shutting down.
The time is the time at which will bring the system down. It may be the word `now', indicating an immediate shutdown, or specify a future
time in one of two formats: + number or hour : min. The first form brings the system down in number minutes. The second brings the system
down at the time of day indicated, using a 24-hour clock format.
At intervals which get shorter as shutdown nears, warning messages are displayed at the terminals of all users on the system. Warning mes-
sages are also sent to users who are logged in to a remote system that has mounted a file system or directory from the local system using
NFS. Five minutes before shutdown, or immediately if shutdown is timed for less than five minutes, logins are disabled by creating and
writing a message there. If this file exists when a user attempts to log in, prints its contents and exits. The file is removed just
before exits.
At shutdown time, a message is written in the file This message contains the time of shutdown, who ran shutdown, and the reason. Then, a
terminate signal is sent at to bring the system to single-user state.
If the or options are used, then executes or avoids shutting the system down (respectively). The option is for use by only. It indicates
to that it is being called by and not to return to the user.
You should place the time of the shutdown and the warning message in Use the message to inform the users about when the system will be back
up and why it is going down.
Restrictions
You can kill the system only between now and 23:59, if you use the absolute time for shutdown.
Files
Tells login not to let anyone log in
Log file for successful shutdowns
See Also
login(1), wall(1), halt(8), opser(8), reboot(8), rwalld(8c)
shutdown(8)