07-01-2011
Command comparisons
Hi guys,
Im trying to figure out what is the difference between using a | and the command xargs ... examples of usage:
1) ls * | wc -w => this gives you the number of files in the current directory including all subdirectories
2) find . “*.log” | xargs grep ERROR => this gives you all the occurrences of ERROR in all .log files in the current directory and all subdirectories
PLUS! what is the difference of the above commands to this one below and why should I use one instead of the other:
find . “*.log” -exec grep ERROR ‘{}' \;
Any help will be very much appreciated.
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LEARN ABOUT REDHAT
lsdiff
LSDIFF(1) LSDIFF(1)
NAME
lsdiff - show which files are modified by a patch
SYNOPSIS
lsdiff [-n] [-p n] [--strip=n] [--addprefix=PREFIX] [-s]
[-i PATTERN] [-x PATTERN] [-v] [file...]
lsdiff {--help | --version | --filter ... | --grep ...}
DESCRIPTION
List the files modified by a patch.
You can use both unified and context format diffs with this program.
OPTIONS
-n Display the line number that each patch begins at. If verbose output is requested, each hunk of each patch is listed as well.
For each file that is modified, a line is generated containing the line number of the beginning of the patch, followed by a Tab
character, followed by the name of the file that is modified. If -v is given, following each of these lines will be one line for
each hunk, consisting of a Tab character, the line number that the hunk begins at, another Tab character, the string ``Hunk #'', and
the hunk number (starting at 1).
-p n When matching, ignore the first n components of the pathname.
--strip=n
Remove the first n components of the pathname before displaying it.
--addprefix=PREFIX
Prefix the pathname with PREFIX before displaying it.
-s Show file additions, modifications and removals. A file addition is indicated by a ``+'', a removal by a ``-'', and a modification
by a ``!''.
-i PATTERN
Include only files matching PATTERN.
-x PATTERN
Exclude files matching PATTERN.
-v Verbose output.
--help Display a short usage message.
--version
Display the version number of lsdiff.
--filter
Behave like filterdiff(1) instead.
--grep Behave like grepdiff(1) instead.
SEE ALSO
filterdiff(1), grepdiff(1)
EXAMPLES
To sort the order of touched files in a patch, you can use:
lsdiff patch | sort -u |
xargs -rn1 filterdiff patch -i
To show only added files in a patch:
lsdiff -s patch | grep '^+' |
cut -c2- | xargs -rn1 filterdiff patch -i
To show the headers of all file hunks:
lsdiff -n patch | (while read n file
do sed -ne "$n,$(($n+1))p" patch
done)
AUTHOR
Tim Waugh <twaugh@redhat.com>.
patchutils 13 May 2002 LSDIFF(1)