vfork(2)							System Calls Manual							  vfork(2)

NAME

       vfork - spawn new process; share virtual memory

SYNOPSIS

REMARKS

       is a higher performance version of that is provided on some systems where a performance advantage can be attained.

       If  the	calling process is multi-threaded, the newly created child process will only contain one thread. This one thread will be a copy of
       the thread calling

       differs from only in that the child process can share code and data with the calling process (parent process).  This speeds cloning  activ-
       ity significantly at a risk to the integrity of the parent process if is misused.

       The  use  of for any purpose except as a prelude to an immediate or is not supported.  Any program that relies upon the differences between
       and is not portable across HP-UX systems.

       All HP-UX implementations must provide the entry but it is permissible for them to treat it identically to On some implementations the  two
       are not distinguished because the implementation is as efficient as possible.  Other versions may do the same to avoid the overhead of sup-
       porting two similar calls.

DESCRIPTION

       can be used to create new processes without fully copying the address space of the old process.	If a forked process is simply going to	do
       an  (see exec(2)), the data space copied from the parent to the child by is not used.  This is particularly inefficient in a paged environ-
       ment, making particularly useful.  Depending upon the size of the parent's data space, can give a significant performance improvement over

       differs from in that the child borrows the parent's memory and thread of control until a call to or an exit (either by a call to or  abnor-
       mally (see exec(2) and exit(2)).  The parent process is suspended while the child is using its resources.

       returns 0 in the child's context and (later) the pid of the child in the parent's context.

       can  normally  be  used just like It does not work, however, to return while running in the child's context from the procedure which called
       since the eventual return from would then return to a no longer existent stack frame.

       The window begins at the call and ends when the child completes its call.

RETURN VALUE

       Upon successful completion, returns a value of 0 to the child process and returns the process  ID  of  the  child  process  to  the  parent
       process.  Otherwise, a value of -1 is returned to the parent, no child process is created, and is set to indicate the error.

ERRORS

       fails and no child process is created if any of the following conditions are encountered:

	      The system-wide limit on the total number of processes under execution
			     would be exceeded.

	      The system-imposed limit on the total number of processes under execution
			     by a single user would be exceeded.

DEPENDENCIES

   Servers
       Process times for the parent and child processes within the window may be inaccurate.

	      Parent and child processes share the same stack space within the window.	If the size of the stack has been changed within this win-
	      dow by the child process (return from or call to a function, for example), it is likely that the parent and child processes will	be
	      killed with signal or

	      In the window, a call to (see signal(2) that installs a catching function can affect handling of the signal by the parent.  The par-
	      ent is not affected if the handling is being set to or or if is used (see sigaction(2)).

AUTHOR

       was developed by the University of California, Berkeley.

SEE ALSO

       exec(2), exit(2), fork(2), sigaction(2), wait(2).

																	  vfork(2)