06-07-2011
Unix was designed as a multi-user, multi-tasking operating system. Windows, initially, was not really designed for this.. and still carries some poor design choices even after recognizing the need for handling multiple users and tasks. Windows attempt at handling multiple users was to create the idea of required client OS installations in addition to what they called a server OS installation. And this is still their primary model for handling multiple users. With Unix, there doesn't have to be any distinction of client vs. server, which is useful when you consider the cost of Windows CALs.
Because Unix systems are simply general purpose multi-user, multi-tasking entities, Unix can be made into pretty much anything (there isn't a hard paradigm that is difficult to thwart with Unix... the whole client/server model of Windows can be VERY limiting).
Unix tends to focus on the idea of processes and files as the core. Windows core consists of a set of API's that cover many very specific areas. The flexibility of Unix is in the elegant simplicity of its model. True, you can make a very insecure Unix platform, but unlike Windows, you can also make a very secure platform as well. The Windows core consists of legacy APIs, redundant APIs, deprecated APIs and the ever growing set of new APIs... and since it's an API driven model, there are lots of security issues... arguably, it's not fixable.
There are even more elegant solutions out there than Unix... but just the few good design choices made early on have allowed Unix (and even Linux) to stand the test of time.
Unix can be used to make small footprint appliances (e.g. even mobile phone devices... many of which are Linux based). Windows required a whole DIFFERENT OS and API stack to support small footprint appliances, and indeed, even so, there are many choices even in that space (WinCE, Windows Mobile, etc.)... all different, all unique... and it multiplies the security issues that have to be taken into account.
Unix, simple design, flexible OS, a gazillion possibilities.
Windows, complex design, insecure and risky, limited possibilities (by design).
Just my two cents... I specialize in Unix/Linux + Windows integration...
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FINDSMB(1) User Commands FINDSMB(1)
NAME
findsmb - list info about machines that respond to SMB name queries on a subnet
SYNOPSIS
findsmb [subnet broadcast address]
DESCRIPTION
This perl script is part of the samba(7) suite.
findsmb is a perl script that prints out several pieces of information about machines on a subnet that respond to SMB name query requests.
It uses nmblookup(1) and smbclient(1) to obtain this information.
OPTIONS
-r
Controls whether findsmb takes bugs in Windows95 into account when trying to find a Netbios name registered of the remote machine. This
option is disabled by default because it is specific to Windows 95 and Windows 95 machines only. If set, nmblookup(1) will be called
with -B option.
subnet broadcast address
Without this option, findsmb will probe the subnet of the machine where findsmb(1) is run. This value is passed to nmblookup(1) as part
of the -B option.
EXAMPLES
The output of findsmb lists the following information for all machines that respond to the initial nmblookup for any name: IP address,
NetBIOS name, Workgroup name, operating system, and SMB server version.
There will be a '+' in front of the workgroup name for machines that are local master browsers for that workgroup. There will be an '*' in
front of the workgroup name for machines that are the domain master browser for that workgroup. Machines that are running Windows for
Workgroups, Windows 95 or Windows 98 will not show any information about the operating system or server version.
The command with -r option must be run on a system without nmbd(8) running. If nmbd is running on the system, you will only get the IP
address and the DNS name of the machine. To get proper responses from Windows 95 and Windows 98 machines, the command must be run as root
and with -r option on a machine without nmbd running.
For example, running findsmb without -r option set would yield output similar to the following
IP ADDR NETBIOS NAME WORKGROUP/OS/VERSION
---------------------------------------------------------------------
192.168.35.10 MINESET-TEST1 [DMVENGR]
192.168.35.55 LINUXBOX *[MYGROUP] [Unix] [Samba 2.0.6]
192.168.35.56 HERBNT2 [HERB-NT]
192.168.35.63 GANDALF [MVENGR] [Unix] [Samba 2.0.5a for IRIX]
192.168.35.65 SAUNA [WORKGROUP] [Unix] [Samba 1.9.18p10]
192.168.35.71 FROGSTAR [ENGR] [Unix] [Samba 2.0.0 for IRIX]
192.168.35.78 HERBDHCP1 +[HERB]
192.168.35.88 SCNT2 +[MVENGR] [Windows NT 4.0] [NT LAN Manager 4.0]
192.168.35.93 FROGSTAR-PC [MVENGR] [Windows 5.0] [Windows 2000 LAN Manager]
192.168.35.97 HERBNT1 *[HERB-NT] [Windows NT 4.0] [NT LAN Manager 4.0]
VERSION
This man page is correct for version 3 of the Samba suite.
SEE ALSO
nmbd(8), smbclient(1), and nmblookup(1)
AUTHOR
The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open
Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed.
The original Samba man pages were written by Karl Auer. The man page sources were converted to YODL format (another excellent piece of Open
Source software, available at ftp://ftp.icce.rug.nl/pub/unix/) and updated for the Samba 2.0 release by Jeremy Allison. The conversion to
DocBook for Samba 2.2 was done by Gerald Carter. The conversion to DocBook XML 4.2 for Samba 3.0 was done by Alexander Bokovoy.
Samba 3.5 06/18/2010 FINDSMB(1)