RESIZE2FS(8)						      System Manager's Manual						      RESIZE2FS(8)

NAME

       resize2fs - ext2/ext3/ext4 file system resizer

SYNOPSIS

       resize2fs [ -fFpPMbs ] [ -d debug-flags ] [ -S RAID-stride ] [ -z undo_file ] device [ size ]

DESCRIPTION

       The  resize2fs  program will resize ext2, ext3, or ext4 file systems.  It can be used to enlarge or shrink an unmounted file system located
       on device.  If the filesystem is mounted, it can be used to expand the size of the mounted filesystem, assuming the  kernel  and  the  file
       system supports on-line resizing.  (Modern Linux 2.6 kernels will support on-line resize for file systems mounted using ext3 and ext4; ext3
       file systems will require the use of file systems with the resize_inode feature enabled.)

       The size parameter specifies the requested new size of the filesystem.  If no units are specified, the units of the size parameter shall be
       the  filesystem blocksize of the filesystem.  Optionally, the size parameter may be suffixed by one of the following the units designators:
       's', 'K', 'M', or 'G', for 512 byte sectors, kilobytes, megabytes, or gigabytes, respectively.  The size of the	filesystem  may  never	be
       larger than the size of the partition.  If size parameter is not specified, it will default to the size of the partition.

       Note:  when  kilobytes  is  used  above, I mean real, power-of-2 kilobytes, (i.e., 1024 bytes), which some politically correct folks insist
       should be the stupid-sounding ``kibibytes''.  The same holds true for megabytes, also sometimes known as ``mebibytes'',	or  gigabytes,	as
       the amazingly silly ``gibibytes''.  Makes you want to gibber, doesn't it?

       The  resize2fs  program does not manipulate the size of partitions.  If you wish to enlarge a filesystem, you must make sure you can expand
       the size of the underlying partition first.  This can be done using fdisk(8) by deleting the partition and recreating it with a larger size
       or  using  lvextend(8), if you're using the logical volume manager lvm(8).  When recreating the partition, make sure you create it with the
       same starting disk cylinder as before!  Otherwise, the resize operation will certainly not work, and you may lose your  entire  filesystem.
       After running fdisk(8), run resize2fs to resize the ext2 filesystem to use all of the space in the newly enlarged partition.

       If  you	wish  to  shrink an ext2 partition, first use resize2fs to shrink the size of filesystem.  Then you may use fdisk(8) to shrink the
       size of the partition.  When shrinking the size of the partition, make sure you do not make it smaller  than  the  new  size  of  the  ext2
       filesystem!

       The -b and -s options enable and disable the 64bit feature, respectively.  The resize2fs program will, of course, take care of resizing the
       block group descriptors and moving other data blocks out of the way, as needed.	It is not possible to  resize  the  filesystem	concurrent
       with changing the 64bit status.

OPTIONS

       -b     Turns on the 64bit feature, resizes the group descriptors as necessary, and moves other metadata out of the way.

       -d debug-flags
	      Turns on various resize2fs debugging features, if they have been compiled into the binary.  debug-flags should be computed by adding
	      the numbers of the desired features from the following list:
		   2	- Debug block relocations
		   4	- Debug inode relocations
		   8	- Debug moving the inode table
		   16	- Print timing information
		   32	- Debug minimum filesystem size (-M) calculation

       -f     Forces resize2fs to proceed with the filesystem resize operation, overriding some safety checks which resize2fs normally enforces.

       -F     Flush the filesystem device's buffer caches before beginning.  Only really useful for doing resize2fs time trials.

       -M     Shrink the file system to minimize its size as much as possible, given the files stored in the file system.

       -p     Prints out a percentage completion bars for each resize2fs operation during an offline resize, so that the user can  keep  track	of
	      what the program is doing.

       -P     Print an estimate of the number of file system blocks in the file system if it is shrunk using resize2fs's -M option and then exit.

       -s     Turns off the 64bit feature and frees blocks that are no longer in use.

       -S RAID-stride
	      The  resize2fs program will heuristically determine the RAID stride that was specified when the filesystem was created.  This option
	      allows the user to explicitly specify a RAID stride setting to be used by resize2fs instead.

       -z undo_file
	      Before overwriting a file system block, write the old contents of the block to an undo file.   This  undo  file  can  be	used  with
	      e2undo(8)  to restore the old contents of the file system should something go wrong.  If the empty string is passed as the undo_file
	      argument,  the  undo  file  will	be  written  to  a  file  named  resize2fs-device.e2undo  in  the  directory  specified  via   the
	      E2FSPROGS_UNDO_DIR environment variable.

	      WARNING: The undo file cannot be used to recover from a power or system crash.

KNOWN BUGS

       The minimum size of the filesystem as estimated by resize2fs may be incorrect, especially for filesystems with 1k and 2k blocksizes.

AUTHOR

       resize2fs was written by Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>.

COPYRIGHT

       Resize2fs  is  Copyright 1998 by Theodore Ts'o and PowerQuest, Inc.  All rights reserved.  As of April, 2000 Resize2fs may be redistributed
       under the terms of the GPL.

SEE ALSO

       fdisk(8), e2fsck(8), mke2fs(8), lvm(8), lvextend(8)

E2fsprogs version 1.44.1					    March 2018							      RESIZE2FS(8)