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Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting awk and gsub - how to replace only the first X occurrences Post 302456510 by bingel on Friday 24th of September 2010 11:35:34 AM
Old 09-24-2010
awk and gsub - how to replace only the first X occurrences

I have a text (text.txt) and I would like to replace only the first 2 occurrences of a word (but I might need to replace more):

For example, if text is this:

Code:
CAR sweet head
hat red yellow
CAR book brown
tiger CAR cow CAR
CAR milk

I would like to replace the word "CAR" with word "REPLACE" only in row 1 and 3 but not in row 4 and 5 and I would like to obtain a result like this:

Code:
REPLACE sweet head
hat red yellow
REPLACE book brown
tiger CAR cow CAR
CAR milk

but if I use:

Code:
cat text.txt | awk '{gsub("CAR","REPLACE");print}'

I will obtain this:

Code:
REPLACE sweet head
hat red yellow
REPLACE book brown
tiger REPLACE cow REPLACE
REPLACE milk

Is there a way to obtain what i need (if possible using awk and gsub)?

Thanks in advance.
 

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GIT-REPLACE(1)							    Git Manual							    GIT-REPLACE(1)

NAME
git-replace - Create, list, delete refs to replace objects SYNOPSIS
git replace [-f] <object> <replacement> git replace -d <object>... git replace -l [<pattern>] DESCRIPTION
Adds a replace reference in refs/replace/ namespace. The name of the replace reference is the SHA-1 of the object that is replaced. The content of the replace reference is the SHA-1 of the replacement object. The replaced object and the replacement object must be of the same type. This restriction can be bypassed using -f. Unless -f is given, the replace reference must not yet exist. There is no other restriction on the replaced and replacement objects. Merge commits can be replaced by non-merge commits and vice versa. Replacement references will be used by default by all Git commands except those doing reachability traversal (prune, pack transfer and fsck). It is possible to disable use of replacement references for any command using the --no-replace-objects option just after git. For example if commit foo has been replaced by commit bar: $ git --no-replace-objects cat-file commit foo shows information about commit foo, while: $ git cat-file commit foo shows information about commit bar. The GIT_NO_REPLACE_OBJECTS environment variable can be set to achieve the same effect as the --no-replace-objects option. OPTIONS
-f, --force If an existing replace ref for the same object exists, it will be overwritten (instead of failing). -d, --delete Delete existing replace refs for the given objects. -l <pattern>, --list <pattern> List replace refs for objects that match the given pattern (or all if no pattern is given). Typing "git replace" without arguments, also lists all replace refs. CREATING REPLACEMENT OBJECTS
git-filter-branch(1), git-hash-object(1) and git-rebase(1), among other git commands, can be used to create replacement objects from existing objects. If you want to replace many blobs, trees or commits that are part of a string of commits, you may just want to create a replacement string of commits and then only replace the commit at the tip of the target string of commits with the commit at the tip of the replacement string of commits. BUGS
Comparing blobs or trees that have been replaced with those that replace them will not work properly. And using git reset --hard to go back to a replaced commit will move the branch to the replacement commit instead of the replaced commit. There may be other problems when using git rev-list related to pending objects. SEE ALSO
git-hash-object(1) git-filter-branch(1) git-rebase(1) git-tag(1) git-branch(1) git(1) GIT
Part of the git(1) suite Git 1.8.5.3 01/14/2014 GIT-REPLACE(1)
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