09-22-2010
tr command
Hi all,
man tr says
tr [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2]
SETs are specified as strings of characters
I did not understand the terms " strings of characters"
when I surfed the net I got some examples like
tr -d '\015' file1
Does \015 is string of characters or '\015' is string of characters.
Basically I want to know the definition of string .
In the page http://www.linfo.org/tr.html
It mentions that ,tr can also translate any number of specified characters into other characters. In such case, each of the two sets needs to be enclosed in square brackets, and these brackets, in turn, need to be enclosed in quotation marks. Either single of double quotation marks can be used.
I had seen example
tr -d '\015' file1
working fine with out quotes or double quotes.
Can somebody tell me what exactly the input format for tr.
Thanks in Advance
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TR(1) User Commands TR(1)
NAME
tr - translate or delete characters
SYNOPSIS
tr [OPTION]... SET1 [SET2]
DESCRIPTION
Translate, squeeze, and/or delete characters from standard input, writing to standard output.
-c, -C, --complement
use the complement of SET1
-d, --delete
delete characters in SET1, do not translate
-s, --squeeze-repeats
replace each input sequence of a repeated character that is listed in SET1 with a single occurrence of that character
-t, --truncate-set1
first truncate SET1 to length of SET2
--help display this help and exit
--version
output version information and exit
SETs are specified as strings of characters. Most represent themselves. Interpreted sequences are:
NNN character with octal value NNN (1 to 3 octal digits)
\ backslash
a audible BEL
backspace
f form feed
new line
return
horizontal tab
v vertical tab
CHAR1-CHAR2
all characters from CHAR1 to CHAR2 in ascending order
[CHAR*]
in SET2, copies of CHAR until length of SET1
[CHAR*REPEAT]
REPEAT copies of CHAR, REPEAT octal if starting with 0
[:alnum:]
all letters and digits
[:alpha:]
all letters
[:blank:]
all horizontal whitespace
[:cntrl:]
all control characters
[:digit:]
all digits
[:graph:]
all printable characters, not including space
[:lower:]
all lower case letters
[:print:]
all printable characters, including space
[:punct:]
all punctuation characters
[:space:]
all horizontal or vertical whitespace
[:upper:]
all upper case letters
[:xdigit:]
all hexadecimal digits
[=CHAR=]
all characters which are equivalent to CHAR
Translation occurs if -d is not given and both SET1 and SET2 appear. -t may be used only when translating. SET2 is extended to length of
SET1 by repeating its last character as necessary. Excess characters of SET2 are ignored. Only [:lower:] and [:upper:] are guaranteed to
expand in ascending order; used in SET2 while translating, they may only be used in pairs to specify case conversion. -s uses SET1 if not
translating nor deleting; else squeezing uses SET2 and occurs after translation or deletion.
AUTHOR
Written by Jim Meyering.
REPORTING BUGS
Report tr bugs to bug-coreutils@gnu.org
GNU coreutils home page: <http://www.gnu.org/software/coreutils/>
General help using GNU software: <http://www.gnu.org/gethelp/>
Report tr translation bugs to <http://translationproject.org/team/>
COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2010 Free Software Foundation, Inc. License GPLv3+: GNU GPL version 3 or later <http://gnu.org/licenses/gpl.html>.
This is free software: you are free to change and redistribute it. There is NO WARRANTY, to the extent permitted by law.
SEE ALSO
The full documentation for tr is maintained as a Texinfo manual. If the info and tr programs are properly installed at your site, the com-
mand
info coreutils 'tr invocation'
should give you access to the complete manual.
GNU coreutils 8.5 February 2011 TR(1)