09-11-2010
Selecting substring (like SQL Server function)
Hey, geniuses of the world (no--facetious is NOT the word of the day
![Wink Smilie](https://www.unix.com/images/smilies/wink.gif)
)!
I was wondering if there's a way to extract a specific portion from a string of characters in UNIX/LINUX. Give me the generic capabilities (assuming they exist) and I'll figure out the small details.
But if you know the unique syntax, I'd prefer to do it in bourne shell and I'm using Linux RedHat Enterprise ver 2.6.9-55.ELsmp (if that makes a diff).
e.g. in SQL Server and I know this is a far cry from Linux, but this is just to demonstrate what I hope to achieve:
they have a substring function:
SELECT SUBSTRING(abcdefgh,4,3)
which produces "def" as a result
abcdefgh = expression, 4 specifies the starting character position, and the three specifies how many characters to extract FROM the starting character position
how, if desired, could I accomplish similar results using UNIX/LINUX?!
Thanks for your time/attention in advance!!
your friendly-neighborhood ProGrammar.
![Cool Smilie](https://www.unix.com/images/smilies/cool.gif)
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REGEXP(6) Games Manual REGEXP(6)
NAME
regexp - regular expression notation
DESCRIPTION
A regular expression specifies a set of strings of characters. A member of this set of strings is said to be matched by the regular
expression. In many applications a delimiter character, commonly bounds a regular expression. In the following specification for regular
expressions the word `character' means any character (rune) but newline.
The syntax for a regular expression e0 is
e3: literal | charclass | '.' | '^' | '$' | '(' e0 ')'
e2: e3
| e2 REP
REP: '*' | '+' | '?'
e1: e2
| e1 e2
e0: e1
| e0 '|' e1
A literal is any non-metacharacter, or a metacharacter (one of .*+?[]()|^$), or the delimiter preceded by
A charclass is a nonempty string s bracketed [s] (or [^s]); it matches any character in (or not in) s. A negated character class never
matches newline. A substring a-b, with a and b in ascending order, stands for the inclusive range of characters between a and b. In s,
the metacharacters an initial and the regular expression delimiter must be preceded by a other metacharacters have no special meaning and
may appear unescaped.
A matches any character.
A matches the beginning of a line; matches the end of the line.
The REP operators match zero or more (*), one or more (+), zero or one (?), instances respectively of the preceding regular expression e2.
A concatenated regular expression, e1e2, matches a match to e1 followed by a match to e2.
An alternative regular expression, e0|e1, matches either a match to e0 or a match to e1.
A match to any part of a regular expression extends as far as possible without preventing a match to the remainder of the regular expres-
sion.
SEE ALSO
awk(1), ed(1), sam(1), sed(1), regexp(2)
REGEXP(6)