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Full Discussion: where to download unix os
Operating Systems Linux Fedora where to download unix os Post 302430049 by Corona688 on Wednesday 16th of June 2010 12:02:18 PM
Old 06-16-2010
Quote:
Originally Posted by aarsh
thanks to all.
so can we say that "the terminal program in Linux (unix ) is the same what command prompt program (dos) means to windows?
Terminals and GUI's are both just programs -- linux makes no special distinction between them, a GUI program is just an ordinary program that happens to be talking with an X server... Everything you see and interact with is just programs running inside the OS, the OS is kind of intangible to the user.

What Linux fundamentally is, is a kernel. That is -- a small program, about a meg or so in size that the system boots raw from disk. It handles all devices and loads programs, runs programs, switches between programs, lets programs talk to each other, and deals with files when programs tell it to. That is it, there's no shell or GUI built in. Everything like that in a Linux distro are programs that just run inside Linux.

IOW it's a completely barebones "utility" to run programs inside. It runs one and only one program automatically, on boot: init. Think of it like autoexec.bat, except it's optional for DOS to have an autoexec.bat but mandatory for Linux to have an init; without an autoexec.bat, DOS just drops to a command prompt, but init would actually be the command prompt(or at least be responsible for creating one), and if there's nothing there then what? It's also very different from DOS in that it's multitasking, of course.

So, UNIX describes a broad design for two things:
  1. The kernel(aka operating system)
  2. The standard set of programs that come with the kernel

This is very different from Windows where it's all treated like one inseperable block.

Last edited by Corona688; 06-16-2010 at 01:19 PM..
 

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KDEINIT4(8)							 KDE User's Manual						       KDEINIT4(8)

NAME
kdeinit4 - KDE process launcher. SYNOPSIS
kdeinit4 [--help] [[--no-fork] | [--no-kded] | [--suicide]] [[+programs] | [programs]] DESCRIPTION
kdeinit4 is a process launcher somewhat similar to the famous init used for booting UNIX. It executes KDE programs and kdeinit loadable modules (KLMs) starting them more efficiently. Using kdeinit4 to launch KDE applications makes starting a typical KDE application a couple times faster and reduces memory consumption by a substantial amount. kdeinit4 is linked against all libraries a standard KDE application needs. With this technique, starting an application becomes much faster because now only the application itself needs to be linked whereas otherwise both the application as well as all the libaries it uses need to be linked. DISADVANTAGES
The process name of applications started via kdeinit4 is "kdeinit4". This problem can be corrected to a degree by changing the application name as shown by ps. However, applications like killall will only see kdeinit4 as the process name. To workaround this, use kdekillall (from kdesdk/scripts) for applications started via kdeinit4. OPTIONS
--help Show help about options --no-fork Do not fork, i.e. do not exit until all the executed programs ends --no-kded Do not start kded --suicide Terminate when no KDE applications are left running +programs runs the programs handling requests programs runs the programs without handling requests USAGE
A standard way to run this program is by simply specifying the following command at the prompt kdeinit4 program or kdeinit4 +program FILES
/tmp/kde-$USER/kdeinit4_$INSTANCE ... ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
$HOME Specifies the home directory of the current user $KDE_HOME_READONLY Specifies if the home directory of the current user is read only $KDE_IS_PRELINKED If set, tells kdeinit4 that the KDE programs are pre-linked. (Prelinking is a process that allows you to speed up the process of dynamic linking.) $KDE_DISPLAY If set, tells kdeinit4 that it is running on a KDE desktop. SEE ALSO
kded, kdekillall BUGS
There are probably tons of bugs. Use bugs.kde.org[1] to report them. AUTHORS
Waldo Bastian <bastian@kde.org> Author. Mario Weilguni <mweilguni@sime.com> Author. Lubos Lunak <l.lunak@kde.org> Author. NOTES
1. bugs.kde.org http://bugs.kde.org 0.01.01 2008-10-03 KDEINIT4(8)
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