BUNDLE-UPDATE(1)														  BUNDLE-UPDATE(1)

NAME

       bundle-update - Update your gems to the latest available versions

SYNOPSIS

       bundle update *gems [--source=NAME]

DESCRIPTION

       Update  the gems specified (all gems, if none are specified), ignoring the previously installed gems specified in the Gemfile.lock. In gen-
       eral, you should use bundle install(1) bundle-install.1.html to install the same exact gems and versions across machines.

       You would use bundle update to explicitly update the version of a gem.

OPTIONS

       --source=<name>
	      The name of a :git or :path source used in the Gemfile(5). For instance, with a :git  source  of	http://github.com/rails/rails.git,
	      you would call bundle update --source rails

UPDATING ALL GEMS

       If  you run bundle update with no parameters, bundler will ignore any previously installed gems and resolve all dependencies again based on
       the latest versions of all gems available in the sources.

       Consider the following Gemfile(5):

	   source "https://rubygems.org"

	   gem "rails", "3.0.0.rc"
	   gem "nokogiri"

       When you run bundle install(1) bundle-install.1.html the first time, bundler will resolve all of the dependencies, all the  way	down,  and
       install what you need:

	   Fetching source index for https://rubygems.org/
	   Installing rake (10.0.2)
	   Installing abstract (1.0.0)
	   Installing activesupport (3.0.0.rc)
	   Installing builder (2.1.2)
	   Installing i18n (0.4.1)
	   Installing activemodel (3.0.0.rc)
	   Installing erubis (2.6.6)
	   Installing rack (1.2.1)
	   Installing rack-mount (0.6.9)
	   Installing rack-test (0.5.4)
	   Installing tzinfo (0.3.22)
	   Installing actionpack (3.0.0.rc)
	   Installing mime-types (1.16)
	   Installing polyglot (0.3.1)
	   Installing treetop (1.4.8)
	   Installing mail (2.2.5)
	   Installing actionmailer (3.0.0.rc)
	   Installing arel (0.4.0)
	   Installing activerecord (3.0.0.rc)
	   Installing activeresource (3.0.0.rc)
	   Installing bundler (1.0.0.rc.3)
	   Installing nokogiri (1.4.3.1) with native extensions
	   Installing thor (0.14.0)
	   Installing railties (3.0.0.rc)
	   Installing rails (3.0.0.rc)

	   Your bundle is complete! Use `bundle show [gemname]` to see where a bundled gem is installed.

       As  you	can  see, even though you have just two gems in the Gemfile(5), your application actually needs 25 different gems in order to run.
       Bundler remembers the exact versions it installed in Gemfile.lock. The next time you run bundle install(1)  bundle-install.1.html,  bundler
       skips the dependency resolution and installs the same gems as it installed last time.

       After  checking in the Gemfile.lock into version control and cloning it on another machine, running bundle install(1) bundle-install.1.html
       will still install the gems that you installed last time. You don't need to worry that a new release of erubis or mail changes the gems you
       use.

       However,  from  time to time, you might want to update the gems you are using to the newest versions that still match the gems in your Gem-
       file(5).

       To do this, run bundle update, which will ignore the Gemfile.lock, and resolve all the dependencies again. Keep in mind that  this  process
       can  result  in a significantly different set of the 25 gems, based on the requirements of new gems that the gem authors released since the
       last time you ran bundle update.

UPDATING A LIST OF GEMS

       Sometimes, you want to update a single gem in the Gemfile(5), and leave the rest of the gems that you specified locked to the  versions	in
       the Gemfile.lock.

       For instance, in the scenario above, imagine that nokogiri releases version 1.4.4, and you want to update it without updating Rails and all
       of its dependencies. To do this, run bundle update nokogiri.

       Bundler will update nokogiri and any of its dependencies, but leave alone Rails and its dependencies.

OVERLAPPING DEPENDENCIES

       Sometimes, multiple gems declared in your Gemfile(5) are satisfied by the same second-level dependency. For instance, consider the case	of
       thin and rack-perftools-profiler.

	   source "https://rubygems.org"

	   gem "thin"
	   gem "rack-perftools-profiler"

       The thin gem depends on rack >= 1.0, while rack-perftools-profiler depends on rack ~> 1.0. If you run bundle install, you get:

	   Fetching source index for https://rubygems.org/
	   Installing daemons (1.1.0)
	   Installing eventmachine (0.12.10) with native extensions
	   Installing open4 (1.0.1)
	   Installing perftools.rb (0.4.7) with native extensions
	   Installing rack (1.2.1)
	   Installing rack-perftools_profiler (0.0.2)
	   Installing thin (1.2.7) with native extensions
	   Using bundler (1.0.0.rc.3)

       In  this  case, the two gems have their own set of dependencies, but they share rack in common. If you run bundle update thin, bundler will
       update daemons, eventmachine and rack, which are  dependencies  of  thin,  but  not  open4  or  perftools.rb,  which  are  dependencies	of
       rack-perftools_profiler. Note that bundle update thin will update rack even though it's also a dependency of rack-perftools_profiler.

       In short, when you update a gem using bundle update, bundler will update all dependencies of that gem, including those that are also depen-
       dencies of another gem.

       In this scenario, updating the thin version manually in the Gemfile(5), and then running bundle install(1) bundle-install.1.html will  only
       update  daemons	and  eventmachine,  but  not  rack.  For more information, see the CONSERVATIVE UPDATING section of bundle install(1) bun-
       dle-install.1.html.

RECOMMENDED WORKFLOW

       In general, when working with an application managed with bundler, you should use the following workflow:

       o   After you create your Gemfile(5) for the first time, run

	   $ bundle install

       o   Check the resulting Gemfile.lock into version control

	   $ git add Gemfile.lock

       o   When checking out this repository on another development machine, run

	   $ bundle install

       o   When checking out this repository on a deployment machine, run

	   $ bundle install --deployment

       o   After changing the Gemfile(5) to reflect a new or update dependency, run

	   $ bundle install

       o   Make sure to check the updated Gemfile.lock into version control

	   $ git add Gemfile.lock

       o   If bundle install(1) bundle-install.1.html reports a conflict, manually update the specific gems that you changed in the Gemfile(5)

	   $ bundle update rails thin

       o   If you want to update all the gems to the latest possible versions that still match the gems listed in the Gemfile(5), run

	   $ bundle update

								    March 2013							  BUNDLE-UPDATE(1)