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Full Discussion: CNR download problems
Operating Systems Linux Fedora CNR download problems Post 302401107 by pludi on Friday 5th of March 2010 01:35:24 AM
Old 03-05-2010
I'll (hopefully successful) compare distributions to cars. Every car has a combustion engine that works on the same principle, in an OS that's the kernel. A subgroup of those exposes the same connectors to the outside (aka API). Linux is a even more special subgroup of those, like an engine manufactured by one company, but used by many others, that might or might not make special adaptations, but nothing too extreme.

Around that, every car has a frame, some electrics, headlights, ... Some of those are specified by law (in the UNIX world the POSIX standard), but can be adapted for special needs. As software those are called the tool set. Most Linux distributions use the GNU line of tools, as they're completely Open Source. This lead to the term "GNU/Linux" to indicate that this distribution uses the GNU tools around the Linux kernel.

But if all cars looked the same the everyday commute would be even more boring than it is now. Same goes for distributions, which is why every one of them does some small thing a bit different. They're all compatible for the most part, but differ on what software ships by default, how certain things are configured, and how to configure some very specific parts.

The currently most used distribution probably is Ubuntu, which is derived from Debian GNU/Linux. Another is Fedora, which is the base for RHEL. One of the oldest distributions still out there is Slackware.

And then there are even more free Unices like FreeBSD, OpenSolaris, NetBSD, and MINIX. Or crossovers like Debian GNU/kFreeBSD.
 

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zsync(1)							   File Transfer							  zsync(1)

NAME
zsync - Partial/differential file download client over HTTP SYNTAX
zsync [ -u url ] [ -i inputfile ] [ -o outputfile ] [ { -s | -q } ] [ -k file.zsync ] [ -A hostname=username:password ] { filename | url } zsync -V DESCRIPTION
Downloads a file over HTTP. zsync uses a control file to determine whether any blocks in the file are already known to the downloader, and only downloads the new blocks. Either a filename or a URL can be given on the command line - this is the path of the control file for the download, which normally has the name of the actual file to downlaod with .zsync appended. (To create this .zsync file you have to have a copy of the target file, so this file should be generated by the person providing the download). zsync downloads to your current directory. It looks for any file in the directory of the same name as the file to download. If it finds one, it assumes that this is an earlier or incomplete version of the new file to download, and scans this file for any blocks that it can use to build the target file. (It also looks for a file of the same name with .part appended, so it will automatically find previously interrupted zsync downloads and reuse the data already downloaded. If you know that the local file to use as input has a different name, you must use -i) zsync retrieves the rest of the target file over HTTP. Once the download is finished, the old version (if the new file wants the same name) is moved aside (a .zs-old extension is appended). The modification time of the file is set to be the same as the remote source file (if specified in the .zsync). OPTIONS
-A hostname=username:password Specifies a username and password to be used with the given hostname. -A can be used multiple times (with different hostnames), in cases where e.g. the .zsync file is on a different server from the download, or there are multiple download servers (there could be different auth details for different servers - and zsync never assumes that your password should be sent to a server other than the one named - otherwise redirects would be dangerous!). -i inputfile Specifies (extra) input files. inputfile is scanned to identify blocks in common with the target file and zsync uses any blocks found. Can be used multiple times. -k file.zsync Indicates that zsync should save the zsync file that it downloads, with the given filename. If that file already exists, then zsync will make a conditional request to the web server, such that it will only download it again if the server's copy is newer. zsync will append .part to the filename for storing it while it is downloading, and will only overwrite the main file once the download is done - and if the download is interrupted, it will resume using the data in the .part file. -o outputfile Override the default output file name. -q Suppress the progress bar, download rate and ETA display. -s Deprecated synonym for -q. -u url This specifies the referring URL. If you have a .zsync file locally (if you downloaded it separately, with wget, say) and the .zsync file contains a relative URL, you need to specify where you got the .zsync file from so that zsync knows which server and path to use for the rest of the download (this is analogous to adding a <base href="..."> to a downloaded web page to make the links work). -V Prints the version of zsync. FILES
ENVIRONMENT VARIABLES
http_proxy Should be the [http://]hostname:port for your web proxy, if one is required to access the target web server(s). EXAMPLES
zsync -i /var/lib/apt/lists/server.debian.org_debian_dists_etch_main_binary-i386_Packages http://zsync.moria.org.uk/s/etch/Packages.zsync AUTHORS
Colin Phipps <cph@moria.org.uk> SEE ALSO
zsyncmake(1) Colin Phipps 0.6.2 zsync(1)
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