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Special Forums UNIX and Linux Applications High Performance Computing Massively parallel on single core? Post 302394358 by Andre_Merzky on Thursday 11th of February 2010 07:48:20 AM
Old 02-11-2010
Question Massively parallel on single core?

Hia all,

I am not sure how many people actually follow the HPC forum on unix.com, but you may be interested in discussing the following (academic) problem:

Assume you want to run a *very* large number (say 100.000) of very lightweight synchronous operations. As an example, assume that you want to run 100.000 instances of

Code:
sleep (3600); // thats one hour sleep

The trivial (aka braindead) approach would be

Code:
for ( int i = 0; i < 100000; i++ )
{
  ::sleep (3600);
}

Takes about 15 years to finish ;-)

One could start 1000 threads, and run a sleep in each of them. That reduces the runtime to 100 hours - still 4 days, and the system is totally idle all the time.

So, using more threads? Won't work, as the max-threads-per-process limit will be hit at some point.

So, spawn 100 processes which spawn 1000 threads each?
The max-threads-per-process limit is, on Linux, close to the max-threads-per-system limit, so that won't work. On other Unixes that is different, but I don't think you get 100.000 threads on a normal single CPU system. Do you?

So, what would your approach be?

I am not looking for a sleep replacement: so saying that I should set alarm or something similar is of not much use. Sleep is obviously only an example here - replace it with an extremely lightweight job, like running a very time consuming synchronous remote operation.

I am looking forward to the ideas you guys can come up with! :-)

Cheers, Andre.

Last edited by Andre_Merzky; 02-11-2010 at 08:48 AM.. Reason: layout...
 

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VFS_AIO_PTHREAD(8)					    System Administration tools 					VFS_AIO_PTHREAD(8)

NAME
vfs_aio_pthread - implement async I/O in Samba vfs using a pthread pool SYNOPSIS
vfs objects = aio_pthread DESCRIPTION
This VFS module is part of the samba(7) suite. The aio_pthread VFS module enables asynchronous I/O for Samba on platforms which have the pthreads API available, without using the Posix AIO interface. Posix AIO can suffer from severe limitations. For example, on some Linux versions the real-time signals that it uses are broken under heavy load. Other systems only allow AIO when special kernel modules are loaded or only allow a certain system-wide amount of async requests being scheduled. Systems based on glibc (most Linux systems) only allow a single outstanding request per file descriptor which essentially makes Posix AIO useless on systems using the glibc implementation. To work around all these limitations, the aio_pthread module was written. It uses a pthread pool instead of the internal Posix AIO interface to allow read and write calls to be process asynchronously. A pthread pool is created which expands dynamically by creating new threads as work is given to it to a maximum of 100 threads per smbd process. To change this limit see the "aio num threads" parameter below. New threads are not created if idle threads are available when a new read or write request is received, the new work is given to an existing idle thread. Threads terminate themselves if idle for one second. Note that the smb.conf parameters aio read size and aio write size must also be set appropriately for this module to be active. This module MUST be listed last in any module stack as the Samba VFS pread/pwrite interface is not thread-safe. This module makes direct pread and pwrite system calls and does NOT call the Samba VFS pread and pwrite interfaces. EXAMPLES
Straight forward use: [cooldata] path = /data/ice aio read size = 1024 aio write size = 1024 vfs objects = aio_pthread OPTIONS
aio_pthread:aio num threads = INTEGER Limit the maximum number of threads per smbd that will be created in the thread pool to service IO requests. By default this is set to 100. VERSION
This man page is correct for version 4.0 of the Samba suite. AUTHOR
The original Samba software and related utilities were created by Andrew Tridgell. Samba is now developed by the Samba Team as an Open Source project similar to the way the Linux kernel is developed. Samba 4.0 06/17/2014 VFS_AIO_PTHREAD(8)
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