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Full Discussion: Need help with setting up environment variables
Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers Need help with setting up environment variables Post 302388826 by Andre_Merzky on Thursday 21st of January 2010 02:44:55 PM
Old 01-21-2010
know your shell!
From the bash manpage (which you could have checked yourself ;-)) :

Quote:
${parameter:-word}
Use Default Values. If parameter is unset or null,
the expansion of word is substituted. Otherwise,
the value of parameter is substituted.
Nifty, ey? ;-)
 

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LEARN ABOUT ULTRIX

pam_env

PAM_ENV(8)							 Linux-PAM Manual							PAM_ENV(8)

NAME

       pam_env - PAM module to set/unset environment variables

SYNOPSIS

       pam_env.so [debug] [conffile=conf-file] [envfile=env-file] [readenv=0|1] [user_envfile=env-file] [user_readenv=0|1]

DESCRIPTION

       The pam_env PAM module allows the (un)setting of environment variables. Supported is the use of previously set environment variables as
       well as PAM_ITEMs such as PAM_RHOST.

       By default rules for (un)setting of variables is taken from the config file /etc/security/pam_env.conf if no other file is specified.

       This module can also parse a file with simple KEY=VAL pairs on separate lines (/etc/environment by default). You can change the default
       file to parse, with the envfile flag and turn it on or off by setting the readenv flag to 1 or 0 respectively.

       Since setting of PAM environment variables can have side effects to other modules, this module should be the last one on the stack.

OPTIONS

       conffile=/path/to/pam_env.conf
	   Indicate an alternative pam_env.conf style configuration file to override the default. This can be useful when different services need
	   different environments.

       debug
	   A lot of debug information is printed with syslog(3).

       envfile=/path/to/environment
	   Indicate an alternative environment file to override the default. This can be useful when different services need different
	   environments.

       readenv=0|1
	   Turns on or off the reading of the file specified by envfile (0 is off, 1 is on). By default this option is on.

       user_envfile=filename
	   Indicate an alternative .pam_environment file to override the default. This can be useful when different services need different
	   environments. The filename is relative to the user home directory.

       user_readenv=0|1
	   Turns on or off the reading of the user specific environment file. 0 is off, 1 is on. By default this option is off.

MODULE TYPES PROVIDED

       The auth and session module types are provided.

RETURN VALUES

       PAM_ABORT
	   Not all relevant data or options could be gotten.

       PAM_BUF_ERR
	   Memory buffer error.

       PAM_IGNORE
	   No pam_env.conf and environment file was found.

       PAM_SUCCESS
	   Environment variables were set.

FILES

       /etc/security/pam_env.conf
	   Default configuration file

       /etc/environment
	   Default environment file

       $HOME/.pam_environment
	   User specific environment file

SEE ALSO

       pam_env.conf(5), pam.d(5), pam(7).

AUTHOR

       pam_env was written by Dave Kinchlea <kinch@kinch.ark.com>.

Linux-PAM Manual						    01/16/2014								PAM_ENV(8)
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