11-06-2009
1. No
2. Depends on what scheduler the kernel uses.
3. Yes, but this has nothing to do with system or concurrent programming, but with counting how much output you already produced and waiting after a certain amount.
5. Sendmail, Postfix, Firefox, FTP, SSH, ... pretty much anything using a network.
6. It doesn't. By the time fork() finishes, there are already 2 separate processes. In the parent process it's returning the PID of the child. In the child it returns 0. If it can't spawn a child for any reason, it returns -1 and sets errno.
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LEARN ABOUT X11R4
syscall
syscall(3UCB) SunOS/BSD Compatibility Library Functions syscall(3UCB)
NAME
syscall - indirect system call
SYNOPSIS
/usr/ucb/cc [ flag ... ] file ...
#include <sys/syscall.h>
int syscall(number, arg, ...);
DESCRIPTION
syscall() performs the function whose assembly language interface has the specified number, and arguments arg .... Symbolic constants for
functions can be found in the header <sys/syscall.h>.
RETURN VALUES
On error syscall() returns -1 and sets the external variable errno (see intro(2)).
FILES
<sys/syscall.h>
SEE ALSO
intro(2), pipe(2)
NOTES
Use of these interfaces should be restricted to only applications written on BSD platforms. Use of these interfaces with any of the system
libraries or in multi-thread applications is unsupported.
WARNINGS
There is no way to use syscall() to call functions such as pipe(2) which return values that do not fit into one hardware register.
Since many system calls are implemented as library wrappers around traps to the kernel, these calls may not behave as documented when
called from syscall(), which bypasses these wrappers. For these reasons, using syscall() is not recommended.
SunOS 5.10 22 Jan 1993 syscall(3UCB)