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Full Discussion: strings in shell script!
Homework and Emergencies Homework & Coursework Questions strings in shell script! Post 302350891 by bakunin on Sunday 6th of September 2009 07:02:21 AM
Old 09-06-2009
Quote:
Originally Posted by beetel
extracting the value from each field to a variable will conatin a string("5") or just the number?
I suppose your problem comes from your assumption that "strings" and "numbers" are different data types like in other programming languages.

But shells do NOT have data types as all. You can create a variable of type "integer", but it will be merely an ordinary string with only digits allowed. On the other hand you could create a string variable and use it as a number as long as its contains only characters which form a number. For instance the following lines are all syntactically legal:

Code:
typeset foo="5"        # create a string variable
foo=(( foo + 2 ))      # use it as a number

typeset -i bar=5              # create an "integer" variable
typeset string="abc${bar}def" # use the integer as a string

Notice the second example. If i had tried to add some character to the $bar variable the shell would complain. This is because with "typeset -i" i declared that i want the variable only to contain characters which form an integer. This doesn't stop me from using the variable as a string like you see in the concatenation of $string.

This becomes clear in this example:

Code:
typeset -i foo=3          # create an "integer"
foo="${foo}5"             # concatenate this integer like a string
print - "$foo"            # will give "35"

I hope this helps.

bakunin
This User Gave Thanks to bakunin For This Post:
 

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UNSET(3)								 1								  UNSET(3)

unset - Unset a given variable

SYNOPSIS
void unset (mixed $var, [mixed $...]) DESCRIPTION
unset(3) destroys the specified variables. The behavior of unset(3) inside of a function can vary depending on what type of variable you are attempting to destroy. If a globalized variable is unset(3) inside of a function, only the local variable is destroyed. The variable in the calling environment will retain the same value as before unset(3) was called. <?php function destroy_foo() { global $foo; unset($foo); } $foo = 'bar'; destroy_foo(); echo $foo; ?> The above example will output: bar To unset(3) a global variable inside of a function, then use the $GLOBALS array to do so: <?php function foo() { unset($GLOBALS['bar']); } $bar = "something"; foo(); ?> If a variable that is PASSED BY REFERENCE is unset(3) inside of a function, only the local variable is destroyed. The variable in the calling environment will retain the same value as before unset(3) was called. <?php function foo(&$bar) { unset($bar); $bar = "blah"; } $bar = 'something'; echo "$bar "; foo($bar); echo "$bar "; ?> The above example will output: something something If a static variable is unset(3) inside of a function, unset(3) destroys the variable only in the context of the rest of a function. Fol- lowing calls will restore the previous value of a variable. <?php function foo() { static $bar; $bar++; echo "Before unset: $bar, "; unset($bar); $bar = 23; echo "after unset: $bar "; } foo(); foo(); foo(); ?> The above example will output: Before unset: 1, after unset: 23 Before unset: 2, after unset: 23 Before unset: 3, after unset: 23 PARAMETERS
o $var - The variable to be unset. o $... - Another variable ... RETURN VALUES
No value is returned. EXAMPLES
Example #1 unset(3) example <?php // destroy a single variable unset($foo); // destroy a single element of an array unset($bar['quux']); // destroy more than one variable unset($foo1, $foo2, $foo3); ?> Example #2 Using (unset) casting (unset) casting is often confused with the unset(3) function. (unset) casting serves only as a NULL-type cast, for completeness. It does not alter the variable it's casting. <?php $name = 'Felipe'; var_dump((unset) $name); var_dump($name); ?> The above example will output: NULL string(6) "Felipe" NOTES
Note Because this is a language construct and not a function, it cannot be called using variable functions. Note It is possible to unset even object properties visible in current context. Note It is not possible to unset $this inside an object method since PHP 5. Note When using unset(3) on inaccessible object properties, the __unset() overloading method will be called, if declared. SEE ALSO
isset(3), empty(3), __unset(), array_splice(3). PHP Documentation Group UNSET(3)
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