08-07-2009
Hi Madanmeer,
If you want to learn a scripting language that will work in most other shells, learn bourne (/sbin/sh). Bash and Korn (and many others) completely support all Bourne syntax. Bash and Korn add some addition functionality which is very handy but that means that some functions in them won't work with each other or Bourne.
If you intend to work entirely on Solaris, it's relatively safe to work in ksh but I always prefer to use Bourne if at all possible
I would also applaud your idea to look into Perl, it's a very useful language, but would suggest that you instead look into Python. I learned Perl and never got round to learning Python but I'm told by people who's opinion I value highly that it's superior to Perl.
In addition, try to get a basic understanding of sed and awk to assist your shell scripting. Awk in particular is very powerful and can do a great deal on it's own, but even if you only learn how to search and print with it, it'll help you greatly.
Whatever you decide, good luck in your endevour and feel free to drop by and ask us if you get stuck on anything
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PYTHON(1) BSD General Commands Manual PYTHON(1)
NAME
python, pythonw -- an interpreted, interactive, object-oriented programming language
SYNOPSIS
python ...
pythonw ...
DESCRIPTION
To support multiple versions, the programs named python and pythonw now just select the real version of Python to run, depending on various
settings. (As of Python 2.5, python and pythonw are interchangeable; both execute Python in the context of an application bundle, which
means they have access to the Graphical User Interface; thus both can, when properly programmed, display windows, dialogs, etc.) The current
supported versions are 2.6 and 2.7, with the default being 2.6. Use
% man python2.6
% man python2.7
% man pythonw2.6
% man pythonw2.7
to see the man page for a specific version. Without a version specified,
% man pydoc
and the like, will show the man page for the (unmodified) default version of Python (2.6). To see the man page for a specific version, use,
for example,
% man pydoc2.7
CHANGING THE DEFAULT PYTHON
Using
% defaults write com.apple.versioner.python Version 2.7
will make version 2.7 the user default when running the both the python and pythonw commands (versioner is the internal name of the version-
selection software used).
To set a system-wide default, replace 'com.apple.versioner.python' with '/Library/Preferences/com.apple.versioner.python' (admin privileges
will be required).
The environment variable VERSIONER_PYTHON_VERSION can also be used to set the python and pythonw version:
% export VERSIONER_PYTHON_VERSION=2.7 # Bourne-like shells
or
% setenv VERSIONER_PYTHON_VERSION 2.7 # C-like shells
% python ...
This environment variable takes precedence over the preference file settings.
64-BIT SUPPORT
Versions 2.6 and 2.7 support 64-bit execution (which is on by default).
Like the version of Python, the python command can select between 32 and 64-bit execution (when both are available). Use:
% defaults write com.apple.versioner.python Prefer-32-Bit -bool yes
to make 32-bit execution the user default (using '/Library/Preferences/com.apple.versioner.python' will set the system-wide default). The
environment variable VERSIONER_PYTHON_PREFER_32_BIT can also be used (has precedence over the preference file):
% export VERSIONER_PYTHON_PREFER_32_BIT=yes # Bourne-like shells
or
% setenv VERSIONER_PYTHON_PREFER_32_BIT yes # C-like shells
Again, the preference setting and environmental variable applies to both python and pythonw.
USING A SPECIFIC VERSION
Rather than using the python command, one can use a specific version directly. For example, running python2.7 from the command line will run
the 2.7 version of Python, independent of what the default version of Python is.
One can use a specific version of Python on the #! line of a script, but that may have portability and future compatibility issues.
Note that the preference files and environment variable that apply to the python command, do not apply when running a specific version of
Python. In particular, running python2.6 will always default to 64-bit execution (unless one uses the arch(1) command to specifically select
a 32-bit architecture).
SEE ALSO
python2.6(1), python2.7(1), pythonw2.6(1), pythonw2.7(1), arch(1)
BSD
Aug 10, 2008 BSD