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Full Discussion: Difference in Shells
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting Difference in Shells Post 302338270 by cambridge on Monday 27th of July 2009 11:35:50 AM
Old 07-27-2009
Probably best to research this one yourself, because the answer is very long and involved. In short, ksh is sh with added features, csh syntax is more like C, tcsh is csh with added features, bash is highly compatible with ksh and takes some good features from tcsh. All shells are subtly different on different platforms and between versions, and may not be available on all platforms.

Try these resources:

Comparison of command shells - Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
A's to Q's about BASH, the Bourne-Again SHell: Differences from other Unix shells
http://www.dartmouth.edu/~rc/classes/ksh/ksh-vs-sh.detail.html
http://www.in-ulm.de/~mascheck/various/shells/
 

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getusershell(3C)					   Standard C Library Functions 					  getusershell(3C)

NAME
getusershell, setusershell, endusershell - get legal user shells SYNOPSIS
#include <unistd.h> char *getusershell(void); void setusershell(void); void endusershell(void); DESCRIPTION
The getusershell() function returns a pointer to a legal user shell as defined by the system manager in the file /etc/shells. If /etc/shells does not exist, the following locations of the standard system shells are used in its place: /bin/bash /bin/csh /bin/jsh /bin/ksh /bin/ksh93 /bin/pfcsh /bin/pfksh /bin/pfsh /bin/sh /bin/tcsh /bin/zsh /sbin/jsh /sbin/pfsh /sbin/sh /usr/bin/bash /usr/bin/csh /usr/bin/jsh /usr/bin/ksh /usr/bin/ksh93 /usr/bin/pfcsh /usr/bin/pfksh /usr/bin/pfsh /usr/bin/sh /usr/bin/tcsh /usr/bin/zsh /usr/sfw/bin/zsh /usr/xpg4/bin/sh The getusershell() function opens the file /etc/shells, if it exists, and returns the next entry in the list of shells. The setusershell() function rewinds the file or the list. The endusershell() function closes the file, frees any memory used by getusershell() and setusershell(), and rewinds the file /etc/shells. RETURN VALUES
The getusershell() function returns a null pointer on EOF. BUGS
All information is contained in memory that may be freed with a call to endusershell(), so it must be copied if it is to be saved. NOTES
Restricted shells should not be listed in /etc/shells. SunOS 5.11 1 Nov 2007 getusershell(3C)
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