04-19-2009
Semaphores and File Descriptors
What is the difference between a file descriptor and a semaphore?
My basic understanding is:
- a file descriptor is a small positive integer that the system uses instead of the file name to identify an open file or socket.
- a semaphore is a variable with a value that indicates the status of a common resource
How do they specifically differ? Some of the definitions I have read, they sound like the same thing.
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LEARN ABOUT SUSE
thread::semaphore
Thread::Semaphore(3pm) Perl Programmers Reference Guide Thread::Semaphore(3pm)
NAME
Thread::Semaphore - Thread-safe semaphores
VERSION
This document describes Thread::Semaphore version 2.09
SYNOPSIS
use Thread::Semaphore;
my $s = Thread::Semaphore->new();
$s->down(); # Also known as the semaphore P operation.
# The guarded section is here
$s->up(); # Also known as the semaphore V operation.
# The default semaphore value is 1
my $s = Thread::Semaphore-new($initial_value);
$s->down($down_value);
$s->up($up_value);
DESCRIPTION
Semaphores provide a mechanism to regulate access to resources. Unlike locks, semaphores aren't tied to particular scalars, and so may be
used to control access to anything you care to use them for.
Semaphores don't limit their values to zero and one, so they can be used to control access to some resource that there may be more than one
of (e.g., filehandles). Increment and decrement amounts aren't fixed at one either, so threads can reserve or return multiple resources at
once.
METHODS
->new()
->new(NUMBER)
"new" creates a new semaphore, and initializes its count to the specified number (which must be an integer). If no number is
specified, the semaphore's count defaults to 1.
->down()
->down(NUMBER)
The "down" method decreases the semaphore's count by the specified number (which must be an integer >= 1), or by one if no number
is specified.
If the semaphore's count would drop below zero, this method will block until such time as the semaphore's count is greater than or
equal to the amount you're "down"ing the semaphore's count by.
This is the semaphore "P operation" (the name derives from the Dutch word "pak", which means "capture" -- the semaphore operations
were named by the late Dijkstra, who was Dutch).
->up()
->up(NUMBER)
The "up" method increases the semaphore's count by the number specified (which must be an integer >= 1), or by one if no number is
specified.
This will unblock any thread that is blocked trying to "down" the semaphore if the "up" raises the semaphore's count above the
amount that the "down" is trying to decrement it by. For example, if three threads are blocked trying to "down" a semaphore by
one, and another thread "up"s the semaphore by two, then two of the blocked threads (which two is indeterminate) will become
unblocked.
This is the semaphore "V operation" (the name derives from the Dutch word "vrij", which means "release").
NOTES
Semaphores created by Thread::Semaphore can be used in both threaded and non-threaded applications. This allows you to write modules and
packages that potentially make use of semaphores, and that will function in either environment.
SEE ALSO
Thread::Semaphore Discussion Forum on CPAN: http://www.cpanforum.com/dist/Thread-Semaphore <http://www.cpanforum.com/dist/Thread-Semaphore>
Annotated POD for Thread::Semaphore: http://annocpan.org/~JDHEDDEN/Thread-Semaphore-2.09/lib/Thread/Semaphore.pm
<http://annocpan.org/~JDHEDDEN/Thread-Semaphore-2.09/lib/Thread/Semaphore.pm>
Source repository: http://code.google.com/p/thread-semaphore/ <http://code.google.com/p/thread-semaphore/>
threads, threads::shared
MAINTAINER
Jerry D. Hedden, <jdhedden AT cpan DOT org>
LICENSE
This program is free software; you can redistribute it and/or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself.
perl v5.12.1 2010-04-26 Thread::Semaphore(3pm)