02-10-2009
I believe ${LOGNAME} ${PWD} are special ,,metacharacters'' that are interpreted by shell. bash, ksh are modern shells with a lot of capabilities, sh and csh are more simple shells that don't have all that fancy stuff.
shell is sort of programming language, in .vbs (forgive me this example here) a variable is simply wirrten like var, in perl/shell you need to write $var, what you spotted is simply one of differences between csh, sh, ksh, bash.
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PWD(1) BSD General Commands Manual PWD(1)
NAME
pwd -- return working directory name
SYNOPSIS
pwd [-LP]
DESCRIPTION
pwd writes the absolute pathname of the current working directory to the standard output.
The following options are available:
-L If the PWD environment variable is an absolute pathname that contains neither "/./" nor "/../" and references the current directory,
then PWD is assumed to be the name of the current directory.
-P Print the physical path to the current working directory, with symbolic links in the path resolved.
The default for the pwd command is -P.
pwd is usually provided as a shell builtin (which may have a different default).
EXIT STATUS
The pwd utility exits 0 on success, and >0 if an error occurs.
SEE ALSO
cd(1), csh(1), ksh(1), sh(1), getcwd(3)
STANDARDS
The pwd utility is expected to be conforming to IEEE Std 1003.1 (``POSIX.1''), except that the default is -P not -L.
BUGS
In csh(1) the command dirs is always faster (although it can give a different answer in the rare case that the current directory or a con-
taining directory was moved after the shell descended into it).
pwd -L relies on the file system having unique inode numbers. If this is not true (e.g., on FAT file systems) then pwd -L may fail to detect
that PWD is incorrect.
BSD
October 30, 2003 BSD