02-09-2009
UNIX passwords contain a "
salt" in order to create (a bit of) randomness and make them less guessable. To generate a password you usually call the crypt(3) routine with an empty salt. To check a password, you pass the hashed password as the salt to crypt(3), which extracts the salt originally used and uses this to create the other hashed password. If both hashes match, you've got the correct password.
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crypt(3C) crypt(3C)
NAME
crypt - generate hashing encryption
SYNOPSIS
Obsolescent Interfaces
DESCRIPTION
crypt():
is the password encryption function. It is based on a one way hashing encryption algorithm with variations intended (among other things)
to frustrate use of hardware implementations of a key search.
key is a user's typed password. salt is a two-character string chosen from the set this string is used to perturb the hashing algorithm in
one of 4096 different ways, after which the password is used as the key to encrypt repeatedly a constant string. The returned value points
to the encrypted password. The first two characters are the salt itself.
Obsolescent Interfaces
generate hashing encryption.
WARNINGS
The return value for points to data whose content is overwritten by each call.
and are obsolescent interfaces supported only for compatibility with existing DCE applications. New multithreaded applications should use
SEE ALSO
crypt(1), login(1), passwd(1), getpass(3C), passwd(4), thread_safety(5).
STANDARDS CONFORMANCE
crypt(3C)