12-29-2008
In a nutshell:
- Open Source means that you can get the source and modify it if you wish. But to run it you have to compile those changes
- The Linux kernel always has to be compiled to run, since it's the operating system itself and thus can't be interpreted like a shell script.
- The Linux kernel is usually located in /boot/, look for a file called vmlinuz* or similar
- Other system files, like libraries and essential executables are located in /sbin, /bin, /lib and /usr/lib. This include the glibc and alike
- The Kernel source can be installed through your distributions source package, or you can download it from kernel.org
Again, if you want to start Kernel
hacking, start by installing a distribution, getting used to it, move on to the command line and it's tools, so that you get a feeling for what the kernel does and how changes could affect it's behavior.
If you want a fast dive straight into it, start with Gentoo or Slackware, and later use that to build a
LFS system.
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
pivot_root
PIVOT_ROOT(8) System Administration PIVOT_ROOT(8)
NAME
pivot_root - change the root filesystem
SYNOPSIS
pivot_root new_root put_old
DESCRIPTION
pivot_root moves the root file system of the current process to the directory put_old and makes new_root the new root file system. Since
pivot_root(8) simply calls pivot_root(2), we refer to the man page of the latter for further details.
Note that, depending on the implementation of pivot_root, root and cwd of the caller may or may not change. The following is a sequence for
invoking pivot_root that works in either case, assuming that pivot_root and chroot are in the current PATH:
cd new_root
pivot_root . put_old
exec chroot . command
Note that chroot must be available under the old root and under the new root, because pivot_root may or may not have implicitly changed the
root directory of the shell.
Note that exec chroot changes the running executable, which is necessary if the old root directory should be unmounted afterwards. Also
note that standard input, output, and error may still point to a device on the old root file system, keeping it busy. They can easily be
changed when invoking chroot (see below; note the absence of leading slashes to make it work whether pivot_root has changed the shell's
root or not).
EXAMPLES
Change the root file system to /dev/hda1 from an interactive shell:
mount /dev/hda1 /new-root
cd /new-root
pivot_root . old-root
exec chroot . sh <dev/console >dev/console 2>&1
umount /old-root
Mount the new root file system over NFS from 10.0.0.1:/my_root and run init:
ifconfig lo 127.0.0.1 up # for portmap
# configure Ethernet or such
portmap # for lockd (implicitly started by mount)
mount -o ro 10.0.0.1:/my_root /mnt
killall portmap # portmap keeps old root busy
cd /mnt
pivot_root . old_root
exec chroot . sh -c 'umount /old_root; exec /sbin/init'
<dev/console >dev/console 2>&1
SEE ALSO
chroot(1), mount(8), pivot_root(2), umount(8)
AVAILABILITY
The pivot_root command is part of the util-linux package and is available from ftp://ftp.kernel.org/pub/linux/utils/util-linux/.
util-linux February 2000 PIVOT_ROOT(8)