10-14-2008
Shortlived Process Don't Appear in 'top' or 'ps'
We are running a field specific middle tier application server on HP-UX. We've recently been experiencing performance problems with it and the database back end (Oracle on a separate HP-UX box). We resolved a few issues on the DB server (some kernel parameters to free up RAM that was extremely overutilized for the vxfs buffer cache) and it seems to be able to handle the load again. But as soon as that was resolved the problems that we saw on the middle tier came back.
Currently we're involved in a finger pointing battle with the company that makes the application server, HP and Oracle. Personally I believe the fault lies with the middle tier. We had someone from HP come in on a time and materials basis to analyze our DB and middle tier system and he said things look good in terms of the OS. Further investigation of performance data indicated that the third heaviest CPU and RAM eating process was a short script that the application server launches hundreds to thousands of times per minute. It seems like that process is intended to set some environment variables for it's child processes and nothing more. This seems like gross inefficiency to us. But we need to be able to figure out what process(es) spawn this script's process.
I found: 'UNIX95=1 ps -Hef' in order to see a rough process tree. (There isn't a port of 'pstree' from Linux is there?) But, we've discovered that the script processes never show up in our 'ps' or 'top' commands. However, the performance data gathered by HP's scripts (and Glance I think) seemed to keep track of those processes. My supervisor believes that the problem is that 'ps' and 'top' only get a snapshot of current activity and the script process is too quick to be captured. I'm not sure if that's true or not, but it seems unlikely.
So my questions are:
1. Is there a way to control how short of a period of time that 'ps' can see?
2. Is it possible that 'ps' and 'top' can't display processes that are "too short"?
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focus(n) Tk Built-In Commands focus(n)
__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________
NAME
focus - Manage the input focus
SYNOPSIS
focus
focus window
focus option ?arg arg ...?
_________________________________________________________________
DESCRIPTION
The focus command is used to manage the Tk input focus. At any given time, one window on each display is designated as the focus window;
any key press or key release events for the display are sent to that window. It is normally up to the window manager to redirect the focus
among the top-level windows of a display. For example, some window managers automatically set the input focus to a top-level window when-
ever the mouse enters it; others redirect the input focus only when the user clicks on a window. Usually the window manager will set the
focus only to top-level windows, leaving it up to the application to redirect the focus among the children of the top-level.
Tk remembers one focus window for each top-level (the most recent descendant of that top-level to receive the focus); when the window man-
ager gives the focus to a top-level, Tk automatically redirects it to the remembered window. Within a top-level Tk uses an explicit focus
model by default. Moving the mouse within a top-level does not normally change the focus; the focus changes only when a widget decides
explicitly to claim the focus (e.g., because of a button click), or when the user types a key such as Tab that moves the focus.
The Tcl procedure tk_focusFollowsMouse may be invoked to create an implicit focus model: it reconfigures Tk so that the focus is set to a
window whenever the mouse enters it. The Tcl procedures tk_focusNext and tk_focusPrev implement a focus order among the windows of a top-
level; they are used in the default bindings for Tab and Shift-Tab, among other things.
The focus command can take any of the following forms:
focus Returns the path name of the focus window on the display containing the application's main window, or an empty string if no window
in this application has the focus on that display. Note: it is better to specify the display explicitly using -displayof (see
below) so that the code will work in applications using multiple displays.
focus window
If the application currently has the input focus on window's display, this command resets the input focus for window's display to
window and returns an empty string. If the application does not currently have the input focus on window's display, window will be
remembered as the focus for its top-level; the next time the focus arrives at the top-level, Tk will redirect it to window. If
window is an empty string then the command does nothing.
focus -displayof window
Returns the name of the focus window on the display containing window. If the focus window for window's display is not in this
application, the return value is an empty string.
focus -force window
Sets the focus of window's display to window, even if the application does not currently have the input focus for the display. This
command should be used sparingly, if at all. In normal usage, an application should not claim the focus for itself; instead, it
should wait for the window manager to give it the focus. If window is an empty string then the command does nothing.
focus -lastfor window
Returns the name of the most recent window to have the input focus among all the windows in the same top-level as window. If no
window in that top-level has ever had the input focus, or if the most recent focus window has been deleted, then the name of the
top-level is returned. The return value is the window that will receive the input focus the next time the window manager gives the
focus to the top-level.
QUIRKS
When an internal window receives the input focus, Tk does not actually set the X focus to that window; as far as X is concerned, the focus
will stay on the top-level window containing the window with the focus. However, Tk generates FocusIn and FocusOut events just as if the X
focus were on the internal window. This approach gets around a number of problems that would occur if the X focus were actually moved;
the fact that the X focus is on the top-level is invisible unless you use C code to query the X server directly.
EXAMPLE
To make a window that only participates in the focus traversal ring when a variable is set, add the following bindings to the widgets
before and after it in that focus ring:
button .before -text "Before"
button .middle -text "Middle"
button .after -text "After"
checkbutton .flag -variable traverseToMiddle -takefocus 0
pack .flag -side left
pack .before .middle .after
bind .before <Tab> {
if {!$traverseToMiddle} {
focus .after
break
}
}
bind .after <Shift-Tab> {
if {!$traverseToMiddle} {
focus .before
break
}
}
focus .before
KEYWORDS
events, focus, keyboard, top-level, window manager
Tk 4.0 focus(n)