RFC6056(7)					       BSD Miscellaneous Information Manual						RFC6056(7)

NAME

     rfc6056 -- port randomization algorithms

DESCRIPTION

     The rfc6056 algorithms are used in order to randomize the port allocation of outgoing UDP packets, in order to provide protection from a
     series of ``blind'' attacks based on the attacker's ability to guess the sequence of ephemeral ports associated with outgoing packets.  For
     more information consult RFC 6056.

     The individual algorithms are described below:

   The RFC 6056 algorithms
     The following algorithms are available:

     bsd	   This is the default NetBSD port selection algorithm, which starts from anonportmax and proceeds decreasingly through the avail-
		   able ephemeral ports.

     random_start  Select ports randomly from the available ephemeral ports.  In case a collision with a local port is detected, the algorithm
		   proceeds decreasingly through the sequence of ephemeral ports until a free port is found.  Note that the random port selection
		   algorithms are not guaranteed to find a free port.

     random_pick   Select ports randomly from the available ephemeral ports.  In case a collision with a local port is detected the algorithm
		   tries selecting a new port randomly until a free port is found.

     hash	   Select ports using a md5(3) hash of the local address, the foreign address, and the foreign port.  Note that in the case of a
		   bind(2) call some of this information might be unavailable and the port selection is delayed until the time of a connect(2)
		   call, performed either explicitly or up calling sendto(2).

     doublehash    Select ports using a md5(3) hash of the local address, foreign address, and foreign port coupled with a md5(3) hash of the same
		   components obtained using a separate table that is associated with a subset of all outgoing connections.  The same considera-
		   tions regarding late connection as in the case of hash apply.

     randinc	   Use random increments in order to select the next port.

SYSCTL CONTROLS

     The following sysctl controls are available for selecting the default port randomization algorithm:

     sysctl name			 Type	   Changeable
     net.inet.udp.rfc6056.available	 string    no
     net.inet.udp.rfc6056.selected	 string    yes
     net.inet6.udp6.rfc6056.available	 string    no
     net.inet6.udp6.rfc6056.selected	 string    yes

SOCKET OPTIONS

     The socket option UDP_RFC6056ALGO at the IPPROTO_UDP level can be used with a string argument specifying the algorithm's name in order to
     select the port randomization algorithm for a specific socket.  For more info see setsockopt(2).

SEE ALSO

     setsockopt(2), sysctl(3), sysctl(7)

HISTORY

     The rfc6056 algorithms first appeared in NetBSD 6.0.

BSD
								  August 25, 2011							       BSD