diff between unix and linux Post: 302238788

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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers diff between unix and linux Post 302238788 by era on Monday 22nd of September 2008 02:01:10 AM

09-22-2008

Registered User

There are variations amongst Unices and variations amongst Linuces so the question is not really answerable. Some system administration utilities are very specific to a particular vendor or platform, or even version. The basic shell commands generally work the same, although there are some minor differences in behavior. The manual pages for individual commands should ideally tell you whether they conform to a standard such as POSIX or XPG4 which is usually a sign that they are reasonably portable.

In general, the GNU coreutils (basic commands you are likely to be learning if you are new to Unix / Linux) are somewhat more flexible and feature-rich than what POSIX requires, and thus the non-POSIX extensions are somewhat likely to be missing from the same commands as supplied by a commercial vendor (but usually you can get the GNU coreutils for any platform if you require them, unless there is some silly artificial political / managerial restriction to obstruct you). The GNU suite is installed by default on Linux, but even the free *BSDs have their own versions of the same utilities, with a slightly different set of features and options. (In fact some of the BSD utilities trace their lineage pretty much all the way back to the original AT&T versions, whereas the GNU utilities are newer reimplementations, as a rule.)

Some vendors have a basic feature set which predates POSIX, and they don't want to change it in order to be backwards-compatible with themselves, and so POSIX or XPG4 versions of the basic tools is an optional add-on.

For these and related reasons, truly portable shell scripts are hard to write, but if you restrict yourself to the documented POSIX feature set, your scripts should be fairly portable to any modern POSIX platform. Even experienced scripters sometimes get these things wrong, and if you mainly just want to learn, you don't need to worry about these things at this point.

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LEARN ABOUT OSX

ansi_ctrlu

term::ansi::ctrl::unix(n)					 Terminal control					 term::ansi::ctrl::unix(n)

__________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________

NAME

       term::ansi::ctrl::unix - Control operations and queries

SYNOPSIS

       package require Tcl  8.4

       package require term::ansi::ctrl::unix  ?0.1?

       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::import ?ns? ?arg...?

       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::raw

       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::raw

       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::columns

       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::rows

_________________________________________________________________

DESCRIPTION

       WARNING:  This  package	is  unix-specific  and depends on the availability of two unix system commands for terminal control, i.e. stty and
       tput, both of which have to be found in the $PATH. If any of these two commands is missing the loading of the package will fail.

       The package provides commands to switch the standard input of the current process between raw and cooked input modes, and to query the size
       of terminals, i.e. the available number of columns and lines.

API

   INTROSPECTION
       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::import ?ns? ?arg...?
	      This  command imports some or all attribute commands into the namespace ns. This is by default the namespace ctrl. Note that this is
	      relative namespace name, placing the imported command into a child of the current namespace. By default all commands  are  imported,
	      this can howver be restricted by listing the names of the wanted commands after the namespace argument.

   OPERATIONS
       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::raw
	      This command switches the standard input of the current process to raw input mode. This means that from then on all characters typed
	      by the user are immediately reported to the application instead of waiting in the OS buffer until the Enter/Return key is received.

       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::raw
	      This command switches the standard input of the current process to cooked input mode. This means that from then  on  all	characters
	      typed by the user are kept in OS buffers for editing until the Enter/Return key is received.

       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::columns
	      This command queries the terminal connected to the standard input for the number of columns available for display.

       ::term::ansi::ctrl::unix::rows
	      This command queries the terminal connected to the standard input for the number of rows (aka lines) available for display.

BUGS, IDEAS, FEEDBACK
       This  document, and the package it describes, will undoubtedly contain bugs and other problems.	Please report such in the category term of
       the Tcllib SF Trackers [http://sourceforge.net/tracker/?group_id=12883].  Please also report any ideas for enhancements you  may  have  for
       either package and/or documentation.

KEYWORDS

       ansi, columns, control, cooked, input mode, lines, raw, rows, terminal

CATEGORY

       Terminal control

COPYRIGHT

       Copyright (c) 2006 Andreas Kupries <andreas_kupries@users.sourceforge.net>

term									0.1						 term::ansi::ctrl::unix(n)