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Programming
Need help in character pointer
Post 302236222 by spirtle on Monday 15th of September 2008 04:42:58 AM
09-15-2008
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LEARN ABOUT MINIX
stdio
STDIO(3) Library Functions Manual STDIO(3) NAME
stdio - standard buffered input/output package SYNOPSIS
#include <stdio.h> FILE *stdin; FILE *stdout; FILE *stderr; DESCRIPTION
The functions in the standard I/O library constitute a user-level buffering scheme. The in-line macros getc and putc(3) handle characters quickly. The higher level routines gets, fgets, scanf, fscanf, fread, puts, fputs, printf, fprintf, fwrite all use getc and putc; they can be freely intermixed. A file with associated buffering is called a stream, and is declared to be a pointer to a defined type FILE. Fopen(3) creates certain descriptive data for a stream and returns a pointer to designate the stream in all further transactions. There are three normally open streams with constant pointers declared in the include file and associated with the standard open files: stdin standard input file stdout standard output file stderr standard error file A constant `pointer' NULL (0) designates no stream at all. An integer constant EOF (-1) is returned upon end of file or error by integer functions that deal with streams. Any routine that uses the standard input/output package must include the header file <stdio.h> of pertinent macro definitions. The func- tions and constants mentioned in the standard I/O manual pages are declared in the include file and need no further declaration. The con- stants, and the following `functions' are implemented as macros; redeclaration of these names is perilous: clearerr, getc, getchar, putc, putchar, feof, ferror, fileno. SEE ALSO
open(2), close(2), read(2), write(2), fclose(3), ferror(3), fopen(3), fread(3), fseek(3), getc(3), gets(3), printf(3), putc(3), puts(3), scanf(3), setbuf(3), ungetc(3). DIAGNOSTICS
The value EOF is returned uniformly to indicate that a FILE pointer has not been initialized with fopen, input (output) has been attempted on an output (input) stream, or a FILE pointer designates corrupt or otherwise unintelligible FILE data. For purposes of efficiency, this implementation of the standard library has been changed to line buffer output to a terminal by default and attempts to do this transparently by flushing the output whenever a read(2) from the standard input is necessary. This is almost always transparent, but may cause confusion or malfunctioning of programs which use standard i/o routines but use read(2) themselves to read from the standard input. In cases where a large amount of computation is done after printing part of a line on an output terminal, it is necessary to fflush(3) the standard output before going off and computing so that the output will appear. BUGS
The standard buffered functions do not interact well with certain other library and system functions, especially fork and abort. LIST OF FUNCTIONS
Name Appears on Page Description clearerr ferror(3) stream status inquiries fclose fclose(3) close or flush a stream fdopen fopen(3) open a stream feof ferror(3) stream status inquiries ferror ferror(3) stream status inquiries fflush fclose(3) close or flush a stream fgetc getc(3) get character or word from stream fgets gets(3) get a string from a stream fileno ferror(3) stream status inquiries fopen fopen(3) open a stream fprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion fputc putc(3) put character or word on a stream fputs puts(3) put a string on a stream fread fread(3) buffered binary input/output freopen fopen(3) open a stream fscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion fseek fseek(3) reposition a stream ftell fseek(3) reposition a stream fwrite fread(3) buffered binary input/output getc getc(3) get character or word from stream getchar getc(3) get character or word from stream gets gets(3) get a string from a stream getw getc(3) get character or word from stream printf printf(3) formatted output conversion putc putc(3) put character or word on a stream putchar putc(3) put character or word on a stream puts puts(3) put a string on a stream putw putc(3) put character or word on a stream rewind fseek(3) reposition a stream scanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion setbuf setbuf(3) assign buffering to a stream setvbuf setbuf(3) assign buffering to a stream snprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion sprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion sscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion ungetc ungetc(3) push character back into input stream vfprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion vfscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion vprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion vscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion vsnprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion vsprintf printf(3) formatted output conversion vsscanf scanf(3) formatted input conversion 4th Berkeley Distribution May 13, 1986 STDIO(3)