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Full Discussion: q with Perl Regex
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting q with Perl Regex Post 302217932 by KevinADC on Thursday 24th of July 2008 12:42:07 AM
Old 07-24-2008
\1 is a backreference to what is matched in the parenthesis in the regexp. So /(.)\1/ finds a double occurance of whatever (.) matched. It is similar to $1 but is used inside the regexp. It is discussed in some detail here:

perlretut - perldoc.perl.org
 

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GraphViz::Regex(3pm)					User Contributed Perl Documentation				      GraphViz::Regex(3pm)

NAME
GraphViz::Regex - Visualise a regular expression SYNOPSIS
use GraphViz::Regex; my $regex = '(([abcd0-9])|(foo))'; my $graph = GraphViz::Regex->new($regex); print $graph->as_png; DESCRIPTION
This module attempts to visualise a Perl regular expression. Understanding regular expressions is tricky at the best of times, and regexess almost always evolve in ways unforseen at the start. This module aims to visualise a regex as a graph in order to make the structure clear and aid in understanding the regex. The graph visualises how the Perl regular expression engine attempts to match the regex. Simple text matches or character classes are represented by.box-shaped nodes. Alternations are represented by a diamond-shaped node which points to the alternations. Repetitions are represented by self-edges with a label of the repetition type (the nodes being repeated are pointed to be a full edge, a dotted edge points to what to match after the repetition). Matched patterns (such as $1, $2, etc.) are represented by a 'START $1' .. 'END $1' node pair. This uses the GraphViz module to draw the graph. METHODS
new This is the constructor. It takes one mandatory argument, which is a string of the regular expression to be visualised. A GraphViz object is returned. my $graph = GraphViz::Regex->new($regex); as_* The regex can be visualised in a number of different graphical formats. Methods include as_ps, as_hpgl, as_pcl, as_mif, as_pic, as_gd, as_gd2, as_gif, as_jpeg, as_png, as_wbmp, as_ismap, as_imap, as_vrml, as_vtx, as_mp, as_fig, as_svg. See the GraphViz documentation for more information. The two most common methods are: # Print out a PNG-format file print $g->as_png; # Print out a PostScript-format file print $g->as_ps; BUGS
Note that this module relies on debugging information provided by Perl, and is known to fail on at least two versions of Perl: 5.005_03 and 5.7.1. Sorry about that - please use a more recent version of Perl if you want to use this module. AUTHOR
Leon Brocard <acme@astray.com> COPYRIGHT
Copyright (C) 2000-1, Leon Brocard This module is free software; you can redistribute it or modify it under the same terms as Perl itself. perl v5.14.2 2012-04-02 GraphViz::Regex(3pm)
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