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Full Discussion: Sendmail
Operating Systems Linux Sendmail Post 302217112 by era on Tuesday 22nd of July 2008 02:06:12 AM
Old 07-22-2008
Sendmail can show you the outgoing queue (messages submitted but not yet sent) but only its log file will receive already sent and received messages. Making matters more complex, you might have a different MTA than stock Sendmail, in which case the options and the format and location of the log files might be different. Before going into more detail, perhaps it would be best if you could describe what you are trying to accomplish, and perhaps post information about which version of Sendmail and which Unix distro you are using.

Sendmail is the tool for routing mail on the Internet (an MTA). It's not concerned with the local folder structure of a user's mailbox. There are about half a dozen MUA folder formats, but the two most popular are the traditionaly Berkeley mbox format, and the newer maildir format. See also Procmail FAQ

Berkeley mbox format is a single file; a folder structure is simulated by having multiple such files, each containing one "folder" of messages. Typically these are in a directory such as $HOME/Mail but there is no particular technical need for this to be so. Internally, each file has the messages as simple chunks of text, each new message beginning with the five characters "From " at the beginning of line, followed by the sender's email address and (usually) a time stamp. This separator line is technically not part of the message itself.

Maildir is a directory structure, again typically but not necessarily in a directory such as $HOME/Mail. Each subdirectory with the directories "new", "cur", and "tmp", is a folder; new messages are created as individual files in the "new" directory, and transition through "tmp" to "cur" when they are received / read. In practice, you will rarely see any messages in the "tmp" directory.

On a modern system which is connected to the Internet, Sendmail will not queue an outgoing message for any substantial amount of time unless there is a delivery problem. Intermittently-connected dial-up systems are often configured so that messages are queued up and sent only when the system is connected to the Internet. On such a system, your question would make more sense, but again, it would help to understand what you are trying to accomplish before explaining this in more detail.
 

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LEARN ABOUT FREEBSD

mailer.conf

MAILER.CONF(5)						      BSD File Formats Manual						    MAILER.CONF(5)

NAME

     mailer.conf -- configuration file for mailwrapper(8)

DESCRIPTION

     The file /etc/mail/mailer.conf contains a series of lines of the form

     name program [arguments ...]

     The first word of each line is the name of a program invoking mailwrapper(8).  (For example, on a typical system /usr/sbin/sendmail would be
     a symbolic link to mailwrapper(8), as would newaliases(1) and mailq(1).  Thus, name might be ``sendmail'' or ``newaliases'' etc.)

     The second word of each line is the name of the program to actually execute when the first name is invoked.

     The further arguments, if any, are passed to the program, followed by the arguments mailwrapper(8) was called with.

     The file may also contain comment lines, denoted by a '#' mark in the first column of any line.

FILES

     /etc/mail/mailer.conf

EXAMPLES

     This example shows how to set up mailer.conf to invoke the traditional sendmail(8) program:

	   # Execute the "real" sendmail program located in
	   # /usr/libexec/sendmail/sendmail
	   sendmail	   /usr/libexec/sendmail/sendmail
	   send-mail	   /usr/libexec/sendmail/sendmail
	   mailq	   /usr/libexec/sendmail/sendmail
	   newaliases	   /usr/libexec/sendmail/sendmail

     This example shows how to invoke a sendmail-workalike like Postfix in place of sendmail(8):

	   # Emulate sendmail using postfix
	   sendmail	   /usr/local/sbin/sendmail
	   send-mail	   /usr/local/sbin/sendmail
	   mailq	   /usr/local/sbin/sendmail
	   newaliases	   /usr/local/sbin/sendmail

     This example shows how to invoke a sendmail-workalike with Exim (from ports) in place of sendmail(8):

	   # Emulate sendmail using exim
	   sendmail	   /usr/local/sbin/exim
	   send-mail	   /usr/local/sbin/exim
	   mailq	   /usr/local/sbin/exim -bp
	   newaliases	   /usr/bin/true
	   rmail	   /usr/local/sbin/exim -i -oee

     This example shows the use of the mini_sendmail package from ports in place of sendmail(8).  Note the use of additional arguments.

	   # Send outgoing mail to a smart relay using mini_sendmail
	   sendmail	   /usr/local/bin/mini_sendmail -srelayhost
	   send-mail	   /usr/local/bin/mini_sendmail -srelayhost

SEE ALSO

     mail(1), mailq(1), newaliases(1), mailwrapper(8), sendmail(8)

     postfix(1) (ports/mail/postfix), mini_sendmail(8) (ports/mail/mini_sendmail)

HISTORY

     mailer.conf appeared in NetBSD 1.4.

AUTHORS

     Perry E. Metzger <perry@piermont.com>

BUGS

     The entire reason this program exists is a crock.	Instead, a command for how to submit mail should be standardized, and all the "behave dif-
     ferently if invoked with a different name" behavior of things like mailq(1) should go away.

BSD
								  October 8, 2010							       BSD
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