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Full Discussion: failing drive
Operating Systems AIX failing drive Post 302216787 by bakunin on Monday 21st of July 2008 06:58:05 AM
Old 07-21-2008
How this is exactly done is depending on the RAID adapter (more precisely: the adapters driver software), so i can give you only general directions.

If the failing disk is part of a RAID you will probably not be able to manage the disk device itself. A RAID works like this: there are several disks connected to an adapter. The driver software of the adapter makes one big virtual disk out of the several physical ones and presents this virtual construct as a physical disk to the machine. (This is what is done during the "RAID initialization" or however it is called with your software. The driver/adapter writes some bookkeeping information onto the physical disk to be able to use them the described way.)

Only this virtual disk is added to a VG as a "Physical Volume" and from there on normal LVM procedures apply.

Your first task is to make the PV free from OS access. You can do this by either breaking the mirror (if the VG is mirrored) or by varying off the VG as zaxxon suggested. Since the "disk" in the VG is only a virtual construct there is no strict relationship between disks and logical volumes. All the logical volumes on the virtual RAID disk are "smudged across" the physical disks comprising the RAID.

After this you need to use the adapters driver software (in case of the IBM SCSI RAID adapter this is plugged into SMITty and the diag utility) to remove the disk from the RAID, after which the RAID is in status "reduced". then physically change the disks and add the new disk to the RAID. This will probably take some time as the new disk has to be written with the data first to be useful in the RAID. Only then varyon again and start using the VG again.

Do you need to backup? In principle you don't, because in a RAID all the disks hold all the information with redundancy. The classical case is 5 disks holding the capacity of 4 - for this penalty it is possible to replace every single disk without losing data, because the data it holds is also available on the other 4. This does NOT mean that a backup would be a bad idea: not at all! It is better to have a backup you don't need than to need a backup you don't have.

I hope this helps.

bakunin
 

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LEARN ABOUT FREEBSD

asr

ASR(4)							   BSD Kernel Interfaces Manual 						    ASR(4)

NAME

     asr -- driver for Adaptec I2O based SCSI/ATA host bus adapters

SYNOPSIS

     device asr

DESCRIPTION

     The Adaptec asr driver provides access to disks and disk arrays controlled by I2O based host bus adapters and SmartRAID SCSI RAID adapters
     through the standard SCSI disk da(4) interface.

     The supported adapters provide 64 bit PCI, Compact PCI, Zero Channel PCI, and up to four channels of Ultra2, Ultra 160, or Ultra320 SCSI, or
     two channels of 1GB Fibre.  All support RAID-0, RAID-1, RAID-10, RAID-5 and RAID-50 arrays.  All SCSI target types are supported.	For the
     ATA based controllers, one IDE drive per channel is supported.  Hot-swapping of IDE drives is not supported at this time.

     All host bus adapters must be configured before they can be used with any operating system.  Please contact Adaptec directly to obtain the
     latest information on configuration utilities for the adapters.  Currently there are both a Motif based GUI configuration utility and a CLI
     based configuration utility available from the Adaptec Web site.  The cards and arrays can also be configured via the BIOS based configura-
     tion tool (SMOR).

HARDWARE

     The adapters currently supported by the asr driver include the following:

     o	 Adaptec Zero-Channel SCSI RAID 2000S, 2005S, 2010S, 2015S
     o	 Adaptec SCSI RAID 2100S, 2110S
     o	 Adaptec ATA-100 RAID 2400A
     o	 Adaptec SCSI RAID 3200S, 3210S
     o	 Adaptec SCSI RAID 3400S, 3410S
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM1554
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM1564
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM2554
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM2564
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM2664
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM2754
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM2865
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM3754
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM3755U2B / SmartRAID V Millennium
     o	 Adaptec SmartRAID PM3757
     o	 DEC KZPCC-AC (LVD 1-ch, 4MB or 16MB cache), DEC KZPCC-CE (LVD 3-ch, 64MB cache), DEC KZPCC-XC (LVD 1-ch, 16MB cache), DEC KZPCC-XE (LVD
	 3-ch, 64MB cache) -- rebadged SmartRAID V Millennium

FILES

     /dev/asr*	Adaptec SCSI RAID control nodes

NOTES

     The ATA based controllers present their devices as SCSI-like devices via CAM.  For IDE drives attached to these cards, a subset of standard
     SCSI commands and mode pages are understood via translation performed in the card's firmware.

SEE ALSO

     da(4)

HISTORY

     The asr (Adaptec SCSI RAID) driver first appeared as the dpti2o driver under BSDi BSD/OS 3.2, then under FreeBSD 2.2.8 and was ported over to
     the CAM layer represented in 4.0.

AUTHORS

     The asr driver was kindly donated by Adaptec and is maintained by Mark Salyzyn <mark_salyzyn@adaptec.com>.  This manual page was written by
     Mark Salyzyn and fixed up by Jeroen Ruigrok van der Werven <asmodai@FreeBSD.org>.

BSD
								   July 14, 2004							       BSD
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