03-04-2008
To explain this better:
You write the program into a file called "cprog.c".
Then after you execute "gcc cprog.c -o cprog", use the command "ls" to list the current files in the directory ("man ls" for more info).
You should see a file called "cprog". This file cprog was created when you did the "gcc cprog.c -o cprog", and this command means that you use the program gcc (gnu c compiler) on the c source file "cprog.c". Then the "-o" means to output the binary file to "cprog". If you hadn't used "-o", gcc would have generated a file called "a.out". ("man gcc" for more info)
Lastly, you can execute the file "cprog" by typing "./cprog" into the terminal. This means to check the directory "./" (which means the current directory that you are in) for the file "cprog". If you didn't specify that "cprog" was in "./", then the operating system would have assumed "cprog" was in "/usr/bin" or another directory (if you want to know type "$PATH" into your terminal).
Does that explain things clearly?
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
hardened-cc
HARDENED-CC(1) Debian GNU/Linux HARDENED-CC(1)
NAME
hardened-cc - gcc wrapper to enforce hardening toolchain improvements
SYNOPSIS
export DEB_BUILD_HARDENING=1
gcc ...
DESCRIPTION
The hardened-cc wrapper is normally used by calling gcc as usual when DEB_BUILD_HARDENING is set to 1. It will configure the necessary
toolchain hardening features. By default, all features are enabled. If a given feature does not work correctly and needs to be disabled,
the corresponding environment variables mentioned below can be set to 0.
ENVIRONMENT
DEB_BUILD_HARDENING=1
Enable hardening features.
DEB_BUILD_HARDENING_DEBUG=1
Print the full resulting gcc command line to STDERR before calling gcc.
DEB_BUILD_HARDENING_STACKPROTECTOR=0
Disable stack overflow protection. See README.Debian for details.
DEB_BUILD_HARDENING_RELRO=0
Disable read-only linker sections. See README.Debian for details.
DEB_BUILD_HARDENING_FORTIFY=0
Don't fortify several standard functions. See README.Debian for details.
DEB_BUILD_HARDENING_PIE=0
Don't build position independent executables. See README.Debian for details.
DEB_BUILD_HARDENING_FORMAT=0
Disable unsafe format string usage errors. See README.Debian for details.
NOTES
System-wide settings can be added to /etc/hardening-wrapper.conf, one per line.
The real gcc symlinks are renamed gcc.real, and a diversion is registered with dpkg-divert(1). Thus hardened-cc's idea of the default gcc
is dictated by whatever package installed /usr/bin/gcc.
SEE ALSO
hardened-ld(1) gcc(1)
Debian Project 2008-01-08 HARDENED-CC(1)