02-19-2008
Quote:
Originally Posted by
yeazas
Hehehe..actually I do not understand when should we decide that server is heavy utilization or not. From what I believe and understand, since the CPU LOAD average is still not reach 100%, the server is still considered ok. Hopefully you can help to expalin on how to decide that server is heavy utilize or not. Thank you...
Well, when you say (as you did in your first post) "Since last week our server become too slow" that is a pretty good clue. Pay attention when the users of a system say that they notice a difference.
Load average is the average number of processes that want a cpu (or will want want a cpu
very soon) but cannot get one. But it also includes currently running processes (since they too must want a cpu). It is not a percentage. 20 is generally very high but with enough cpu's it might be ok. If you had 32 cpus, some of them would be idle and you would have no problem at all.
The percentages are indicated by this symbol % (which we call a per cent sign). Look at your idle percentage. It is zero. That means you are maxed out. Adding cpu's would probably help.
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LEARN ABOUT ULTRIX
accton
sa(8) System Manager's Manual sa(8)
Name
sa, accton - print process accounting statistics
Syntax
/etc/sa [ options ] [ file ]
/etc/accton [ file ]
Arguments
file With an argument naming an existing file, causes system accounting information for every process executed to be placed at the end
of the file. If no argument is given, accounting is turned off.
Description
The command reports on, cleans up, and generally maintains accounting files.
The is able to condense the information in into a summary file which contains a count of the number of times each command was called and
the time resources consumed. This condensation is desirable because on a large system can grow by 100 blocks per day. The summary file is
normally read before the accounting file, so the reports include all available information.
If a file name is given as the last argument, that file will be treated as the accounting file. The file is the default.
Output fields are labeled: "cpu" for the sum of user+system time (in cpu seconds), "re" for real time (also in cpu seconds), "k" for cpu-
time averaged core usage (in 1k units), "avio" for average number of I/O operations per execution. With options fields labeled "tio" for
total I/O operations, "k*sec" for cpu storage integral (kilo-core seconds), "u" and "s" for user and system cpu time alone (both in cpu
seconds) will sometimes appear.
Options
-a List all command names including those containing unprintable characters and those used only once. By default, places all command
names containing unprintable characters and those used only once under the name `***other.'
-b Sort output by sum of user and system time divided by number of calls. Default sort is by sum of user and system times.
-c Besides total user, system, and real time for each command, print percentage of total time over all commands.
-d Sort by average number of disk I/O operations.
-D Print and sort by total number of disk I/O operations.
-f Force no interactive threshold compression with option.
-i Do not read in summary file.
-j Instead of total minutes for each category, give seconds per call.
-k Sort by cpu-time average memory usage.
-K Print and sort by cpu-storage integral.
-l Separate system and user time; normally they are combined.
-m Print number of processes and number of CPU minutes for each user.
-n Sort by number of calls.
-r Reverse order of sort.
-s Merge accounting file into summary file when done.
-t For each command, report ratio of real time to the sum of user and system times. If the sum of user and system times is too small
to report, `*ignore*' appears in this field.
-u Superseding all other flags, print for each command in the accounting file the user ID and command name.
-v Followed by a number n, types the name of each command used n times or fewer. Await a reply from the terminal; if it begins with
`y', add the command to the category `**junk**.' This is used to strip out garbage.
Restrictions
Accounting is suspended when there is less than 2% free space on disk. Accounting resumes when free space rises above 4%.
Files
Raw accounting
Summary
Per-user summary
See Also
acct(2), ac(8)
sa(8)