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Full Discussion: string splitting
Top Forums Shell Programming and Scripting string splitting Post 302134634 by drl on Saturday 1st of September 2007 02:26:32 PM
Old 09-01-2007
Hi.

You can use the special parameter expansion syntax:
Code:
#!/usr/bin/env sh

# @(#) s1       Demonstrate sub-string extraction of parameter expansion.

set -o nounset
echo

## Define function to list versions.

version()
{
  for command
  do
    if command -v $command >/dev/null 2>&1
    then
      command -p $command --version | head -1
    else
      echo " (Warning -- command \"$command\" not found in PATH.)" >&2
    fi
  done
  return 0
}

## List the version of the commands in this demonstration.

version bash head

echo

s="xyz"
l=${#s}
echo " There are $l characters in |$s|"
echo

for ((i=0;i<l;i++))
do
        echo " Character $i of the string is |${s:$i:1}|"
done

exit 0

Producing:
Code:
% ./s1

GNU bash, version 2.05b.0(1)-release (i386-pc-linux-gnu)
head (coreutils) 5.2.1

 There are 3 characters in |xyz|

 Character 0 of the string is |x|
 Character 1 of the string is |y|
 Character 2 of the string is |z|

See man bash for details ... cheers, drl
 

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ECHO(3) 								 1								   ECHO(3)

echo - Output one or more strings

SYNOPSIS
void echo (string $arg1, [string $...]) DESCRIPTION
Outputs all parameters. echo is not actually a function (it is a language construct), so you are not required to use parentheses with it. echo (unlike some other language constructs) does not behave like a function, so it cannot always be used in the context of a function. Additionally, if you want to pass more than one parameter to echo, the parameters must not be enclosed within parentheses. echo also has a shortcut syntax, where you can immediately follow the opening tag with an equals sign. Prior to PHP 5.4.0, this short syn- tax only works with the short_open_tag configuration setting enabled. I have <?=$foo?> foo. PARAMETERS
o $arg1 - The parameter to output. o $... - RETURN VALUES
No value is returned. EXAMPLES
Example #1 echo examples <?php echo "Hello World"; echo "This spans multiple lines. The newlines will be output as well"; echo "This spans multiple lines. The newlines will be output as well."; echo "Escaping characters is done "Like this"."; // You can use variables inside of an echo statement $foo = "foobar"; $bar = "barbaz"; echo "foo is $foo"; // foo is foobar // You can also use arrays $baz = array("value" => "foo"); echo "this is {$baz['value']} !"; // this is foo ! // Using single quotes will print the variable name, not the value echo 'foo is $foo'; // foo is $foo // If you are not using any other characters, you can just echo variables echo $foo; // foobar echo $foo,$bar; // foobarbarbaz // Some people prefer passing multiple parameters to echo over concatenation. echo 'This ', 'string ', 'was ', 'made ', 'with multiple parameters.', chr(10); echo 'This ' . 'string ' . 'was ' . 'made ' . 'with concatenation.' . " "; echo <<<END This uses the "here document" syntax to output multiple lines with $variable interpolation. Note that the here document terminator must appear on a line with just a semicolon. no extra whitespace! END; // Because echo does not behave like a function, the following code is invalid. ($some_var) ? echo 'true' : echo 'false'; // However, the following examples will work: ($some_var) ? print 'true' : print 'false'; // print is also a construct, but // it behaves like a function, so // it may be used in this context. echo $some_var ? 'true': 'false'; // changing the statement around ?> NOTES
Note Because this is a language construct and not a function, it cannot be called using variable functions. SEE ALSO
print(3), printf(3), flush(3), Heredoc syntax. PHP Documentation Group ECHO(3)
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