ls -l column headings Post: 302132369

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Top Forums UNIX for Dummies Questions & Answers ls -l column headings Post 302132369 by robotronic on Thursday 16th of August 2007 03:03:43 PM

08-16-2007

Registered User

As far as I know, it's impossible to show column headings for the ls command. However, instead of man, try "info ls":

Code:

`-l'
`--format=long'
`--format=verbose'
     In addition to the name of each file, print the file type,
     permissions, number of hard links, owner name, group name, size in
     bytes, and timestamp (by default, the modification time).  For
     files with a time more than six months old or in the future, the
     timestamp contains the year instead of the time of day.  If the
     timestamp contains today's date with the year rather than a time
     of day, the file's time is in the future, which means you probably
     have clock skew problems which may break programs like `make' that
     rely on file times.

     For each directory that is listed, preface the files with a line
     `total BLOCKS', where BLOCKS is the total disk allocation for all
     files in that directory.  The block size currently defaults to 1024
     bytes, but this can be overridden (Note: Block size).  The
     BLOCKS computed counts each hard link separately; this is arguably
     a deficiency.

     The permissions listed are similar to symbolic mode specifications
     (Note: Symbolic Modes).  But `ls' combines multiple bits into the
     third character of each set of permissions as follows:
    `s'
          If the setuid or setgid bit and the corresponding executable
          bit are both set.

    `S'
          If the setuid or setgid bit is set but the corresponding
          executable bit is not set.

    `t'
          If the sticky bit and the other-executable bit are both set.

    `T'
          If the sticky bit is set but the other-executable bit is not
          set.

    `x'
          If the executable bit is set and none of the above apply.

    `-'
          Otherwise.

     Following the permission bits is a single character that specifies
     whether an alternate access method applies to the file.  When that
     character is a space, there is no alternate access method.  When it
     is a printing character (e.g., `+'), then there is such a method.

robotronic

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LEARN ABOUT MOJAVE

strmode

STRMODE(3)						   BSD Library Functions Manual 						STRMODE(3)

NAME

     strmode -- convert inode status information into a symbolic string

LIBRARY

     Standard C Library (libc, -lc)

SYNOPSIS

     #include <string.h>

     void
     strmode(int mode, char *bp);

DESCRIPTION

     The strmode() function converts a file mode (the type and permission information associated with an inode, see stat(2)) into a symbolic
     string which is stored in the location referenced by bp.  This stored string is eleven characters in length plus a trailing NUL.

     The first character is the inode type, and will be one of the following:

	   -	 regular file
	   b	 block special
	   c	 character special
	   d	 directory
	   l	 symbolic link
	   p	 fifo
	   s	 socket
	   w	 whiteout
	   ?	 unknown inode type

     The next nine characters encode three sets of permissions, in three characters each.  The first three characters are the permissions for the
     owner of the file, the second three for the group the file belongs to, and the third for the ``other'', or default, set of users.

     Permission checking is done as specifically as possible.  If read permission is denied to the owner of a file in the first set of permis-
     sions, the owner of the file will not be able to read the file.  This is true even if the owner is in the file's group and the group permis-
     sions allow reading or the ``other'' permissions allow reading.

     If the first character of the three character set is an ``r'', the file is readable for that set of users; if a dash ``-'', it is not read-
     able.

     If the second character of the three character set is a ``w'', the file is writable for that set of users; if a dash ``-'', it is not
     writable.

     The third character is the first of the following characters that apply:

     S	   If the character is part of the owner permissions and the file is not executable or the directory is not searchable by the owner, and
	   the set-user-id bit is set.

     S	   If the character is part of the group permissions and the file is not executable or the directory is not searchable by the group, and
	   the set-group-id bit is set.

     T	   If the character is part of the other permissions and the file is not executable or the directory is not searchable by others, and the
	   ``sticky'' (S_ISVTX) bit is set.

     s	   If the character is part of the owner permissions and the file is executable or the directory searchable by the owner, and the set-
	   user-id bit is set.

     s	   If the character is part of the group permissions and the file is executable or the directory searchable by the group, and the set-
	   group-id bit is set.

     t	   If the character is part of the other permissions and the file is executable or the directory searchable by others, and the ``sticky''
	   (S_ISVTX) bit is set.

     x	   The file is executable or the directory is searchable.

     -	   None of the above apply.

     The last character will always be a space.

SEE ALSO

     chmod(1), find(1), stat(2), getmode(3), setmode(3)

HISTORY

     The strmode() function first appeared in 4.4BSD.

BSD
								   July 28, 1994							       BSD

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