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Top Forums UNIX for Advanced & Expert Users UNIX Message Queues vs. Sockets Post 302111200 by Perderabo on Tuesday 20th of March 2007 01:42:50 AM
Old 03-20-2007
There are two flavors of message queues... the old System V version (msgsend(), msgget(), etc) and the newer Posix version (mq_send(), mq_recieve(), etc). The Posix version is newer and more efficient.

Someone must be listening to a socket or you can't use it. A message queue stores the data until some process reads it. This could be minutes or hours later. Also you could have several processes take turns reading a message queue...like the tellers at a bank taking the next customer from a common queue. If the queue gets too long, add another teller at the bank or another instance of a server process on your system.
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mq_send(3)						     Library Functions Manual							mq_send(3)

NAME
mq_send - Places a message in the message queue (P1003.1b) LIBRARY
Realtime Library (librt.so, librt.a) SYNOPSIS
#include <mqueue.h> int mq_send ( mqd_t mqdes, const char *msg_ptr, size_t msg_len, unsigned int msg_prio); PARAMETERS
mqdes Specifies a message queue descriptor. *msg_ptr Specifies a pointer to a buffer containing the message to be sent. msg_len Indicates the number of bytes of the message to be sent. msg_prio Indicates the priority of the message being sent. DESCRIPTION
The mq_send function places a message in the message queue. This function inserts the message in the queue at the position indicated by the msg_prio argument. A message with a relatively large numeric value for the msg_prio argument has a high priority, and it is therefore inserted before messages with lower values for the msg_prio argument. This function inserts messages with equal priority into the queue in first-in/first-out order. Thus the function inserts a message with a given priority after already-queued messages that have the same pri- ority. If the message queue is full, and the O_NONBLOCK flag associated with it is not set, the mq_send function blocks until sufficient space in the message queue becomes available or until a signal interrupts the mq_send function. If two or more processes are waiting to send messages when space becomes available in the queue, the highest-priority process that has been waiting the longest sends the message first. The mq_send function returns an error if the specified queue is full and the O_NONBLOCK flag is set for that queue. RETURN VALUES
On successful completion, the mq_send function returns a value of 0 (zero). Otherwise, no message is sent, -1 is returned, and errno is set to indicate the error. ERRORS
The mq_send function fails under the following conditions: [EAGAIN] The O_NONBLOCK flag is set in the message queue description associated with mqdes, and the specified message queue is full. [EBADF] The mqdes argument is not a valid message queue descriptor open for writing. [EFAULT] An internal virtual memory error occurred. [EINTR] A signal interrupted the call to mq_send. [EINVAL] The value of msg_prio is outside the valid range. [EMSGSIZE] The specified message length, msg_len, exceeds the message size attribute of the message queue. Note that a zero-length message is valid. RELATED INFORMATION
Functions: mq_receive(3), mq_setattr(3) Guide to Realtime Programming delim off mq_send(3)
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