LOG(3)							     Linux Programmer's Manual							    LOG(3)

NAME

       log, logf, logl - natural logarithmic function

SYNOPSIS

       #include <math.h>

       double log(double x);
       float logf(float x);
       long double logl(long double x);

       Link with -lm.

   Feature Test Macro Requirements for glibc (see feature_test_macros(7)):

       logf(), logl(): _BSD_SOURCE || _SVID_SOURCE || _XOPEN_SOURCE >= 600 || _ISOC99_SOURCE; or cc -std=c99

DESCRIPTION

       The log() function returns the natural logarithm of x.

RETURN VALUE

       On success, these functions return the natural logarithm of x.

       If x is a NaN, a NaN is returned.

       If x is 1, the result is +0.

       If x is positive infinity, positive infinity is returned.

       If x is zero, then a pole error occurs, and the functions return -HUGE_VAL, -HUGE_VALF, or -HUGE_VALL, respectively.

       If x is negative (including negative infinity), then a domain error occurs, and a NaN (not a number) is returned.

ERRORS

       See math_error(7) for information on how to determine whether an error has occurred when calling these functions.

       The following errors can occur:

       Domain error: x is negative
	      errno is set to EDOM.  An invalid floating-point exception (FE_INVALID) is raised.

       Pole error: x is zero
	      errno is set to ERANGE.  A divide-by-zero floating-point exception (FE_DIVBYZERO) is raised.

CONFORMING TO

       C99, POSIX.1-2001.  The variant returning double also conforms to SVr4, 4.3BSD, C89.

BUGS

       In glibc 2.5 and earlier, taking the log() of a NaN produces a bogus invalid floating-point (FE_INVALID) exception.

SEE ALSO

       cbrt(3), clog(3), log2(3), log10(3), log1p(3), sqrt(3)

COLOPHON

       This  page is part of release 3.25 of the Linux man-pages project.  A description of the project, and information about reporting bugs, can
       be found at http://www.kernel.org/doc/man-pages/.

								    2010-06-13								    LOG(3)