01-07-2007
Some Basic terms in UNIX
Hello Gurus,
I have some very beginner level questions here, which are as follows:
1) I know what is a process, but what is a thread? and how a CPU devides a process into more than one threads and on what basis? Does a programmer designs a program in this way that it devides it into more than one threads or Kernel itself decides to divide a process into more than one thread and what benefit we get by doing this?
2) What is meant by a sub-shell?
3) What kind of terminal settings we do for the users comming from a telnet connection? What is the terminal type of user connecting with telnet? I really don't have any idea about that.
4) What is rlogin? and we use rlogin in which situation? I think Windows XP doesn't have rlogin command? What if we want to connect to a UNIX machine from Windows machine?
5) What is meant by UNIX-Cluster?
I know I can find information about above topics on google but I want some discrete and exact definition of above concepts therefor I asked these questions here.
Thanks in advance for any replies.
Regards,
A UNIX student
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LEARN ABOUT NETBSD
schedctl
SCHEDCTL(8) BSD System Manager's Manual SCHEDCTL(8)
NAME
schedctl -- control scheduling of processes and threads
SYNOPSIS
schedctl [-A cpus] [-C class] [-P pri] [-t lid] -p pid | command
DESCRIPTION
The schedctl command can be used to control the scheduling of processes and threads. It also returns information about the current schedul-
ing parameters of the process or thread. Only the super-user may change the scheduling parameters. schedctl can also be used to start a new
command using the specified parameters.
Available options:
-A cpus Set of the processors on which process or thread should run, that is, affinity. Processors are defined as numbers (starting from
zero) and separated by commas. A value of -1 is used to unset the affinity.
-C class Scheduling class (policy), one of:
SCHED_OTHER Time-sharing (TS) scheduling policy. The default policy in NetBSD.
SCHED_FIFO First in, first out (FIFO) scheduling policy.
SCHED_RR Round-robin scheduling policy.
-P pri Priority for the process or thread. Value should be in the range from SCHED_PRI_MIN (0) to SCHED_PRI_MAX (63). Setting of prior-
ity for the process or thread running at SCHED_OTHER policy is not allowed.
-p pid The target process which will be affected. If the process has more than one thread, all of them will be affected.
If -p is not given, a command to execute must be given on the command line.
-t lid Thread in the specified process. If specified, only this thread in the process will be affected. May only be specified if -p is
also given.
EXAMPLES
Show scheduling information about the process whose ID is ``123'':
# schedctl -p 123
Set the affinity to CPU 0 and CPU 1, policy to SCHED_RR, and priority to 63 for thread whose ID is ``1'' in process whose ID is ``123'':
# schedctl -p 123 -t 1 -A 0,1 -C SCHED_RR -P 63
Run the top(1) command with real-time priority:
# schedctl -C SCHED_FIFO top
SEE ALSO
nice(1), getpriority(2), setpriority(2), psrset(8), renice(8)
HISTORY
The schedctl command first appeared in NetBSD 5.0.
BSD
March 21, 2011 BSD