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Shell Programming and Scripting
Good (reliable!) check if user exists
Post 302100257 by _Spare_Ribs_ on Monday 18th of December 2006 09:45:53 AM
12-18-2006
Good (reliable!) check if user exists
Hi all,
I've been trying to find a good check I can put it in to a shell script to see if a given user exists.
Some of the things I've thought about is checking whether they have a home directory, but not all users have a home directory. I've thought about grepping the /etc/passwd file for the username but if the username is short and happens to be a repeated string somewhere else in the file then this check could fail or be inaccurate too.
Ideally I would like a simple command so I can just use it in an if/else statement, so if the user exists then do this and if the user doesn't exist then do something else.
In case it helps it would be using the bash shell and would need to be supported by RedHat 9 and SuSE 10 but that shouldn't make too much difference.
Any ideas would be appreciated no matter how bizzare they may seem
Thanks.
I've been trying to find a good check I can put it in to a shell script to see if a given user exists.
Some of the things I've thought about is checking whether they have a home directory, but not all users have a home directory. I've thought about grepping the /etc/passwd file for the username but if the username is short and happens to be a repeated string somewhere else in the file then this check could fail or be inaccurate too.
Ideally I would like a simple command so I can just use it in an if/else statement, so if the user exists then do this and if the user doesn't exist then do something else.
In case it helps it would be using the bash shell and would need to be supported by RedHat 9 and SuSE 10 but that shouldn't make too much difference.
Any ideas would be appreciated no matter how bizzare they may seem
Thanks.
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LEARN ABOUT DEBIAN
qmail-pw2u
qmail-pw2u(8) System Manager's Manual qmail-pw2u(8) NAME
qmail-pw2u - build address assignments from a passwd file SYNOPSIS
qmail-pw2u [ -/ohHuUC ] [ -cchar ] DESCRIPTION
qmail-pw2u reads a V7-format passwd file from standard input and prints a qmail-users-format assignment file. A V7-format passwd file is a series of lines. Each line has the format user:password:uid:gid:gecos:home:shell where user is an account name, uid and gid are the user id and group id of that account, and home is the account's home directory. pass- word, gecos, and shell are ignored by qmail-pw2u. If you put the output of qmail-pw2u into /var/lib/qmail/users/assign, and then run qmail-newu, qmail-lspawn will obey the assignments printed by qmail-pw2u. WARNING: After changing any users, uids, gids, or home directories in your passwd file, you must run qmail-pw2u and qmail-newu again if you want qmail-lspawn to see the changes. RULES
By default, qmail-pw2u follows the same rules as qmail-getpw. It skips user if (1) uid is zero, (2) home does not exist, (3) user does not own home, or (4) user contains uppercase letters. It then gives each remaining user control over the basic user address and all addresses of the form user-anything. A catch-all user, alias, controls all other addresses. You may change these rules by setting up files in /var/lib/qmail/users: include Allowed users, one per line. If include exists, and user is not listed in include, user is ignored. exclude Ignored users, one per line. If exclude exists, and user is listed in exclude, user is ignored. mailnames Replacement names for users. Each line has the form user:mailname1:mailname2:... The addresses mailname1 and mailname1-ext and mailname2 and so on will be delivered to user. WARNING: The addresses user and user-ext will not be delivered to user unless user is listed as one of the mailnames. A line in mailnames is silently ignored if the user does not exist. subusers Extra addresses. Each line has the form sub:user:pre: sub will be handled by home/.qmail-pre, where home is user's home directory; sub-ext will be handled by home/.qmail-pre-ext. append Extra assignments, printed at the end of qmail-pw2u's output. OPTIONS
-o (Default.) Skip user if home does not exist (or is not visible to qmail-pw2u). Skip user if home is not owned by user. -h Stop if home does not exist. This is appropriate if every user is supposed to have a home directory. Skip user if home is not owned by user. -H Do not check the existence or ownership of home. -U (Default.) Skip user if there are any uppercase letters in user. -u Allow uppercase letters in user. -cchar Use char as the user-extension delimiter in place of -. -C Disable the user-extension mechanism. -/ Use home/.qmail-/... instead of home/.qmail-... SEE ALSO
qmail-users(5), qmail-lspawn(8), qmail-newu(8), qmail-getpw(8) qmail-pw2u(8)