10-01-2006
just a clarification
Quote:
/etc/passwd is the command interpreter which is
supposed to be run when a user logs in. and i believe that if a wrong password is entered then it is supposed to have /bin/false in the last field.
This isn't quite how it works. The /etc/passwd file isn't a command interpreter, it's just a plain text file in UNIX, although a very important one. The
login command checks the file (and possibly /etc/shadow, or /etc/security/passwd) to verify that the username and password entered are correct. It also looks at the home directory and the shell. If you enter the correct userid & password, it will drop you into your home directory and execute the shell listed in the passwd file. If you enter an incorrect password, /bin/false is not executed, but the program "login" will itself deny access to the system.
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PASSWD(5) File Formats and Conversions PASSWD(5)
NAME
passwd - the password file
DESCRIPTION
/etc/passwd contains one line for each user account, with seven fields delimited by colons (":"). These fields are:
o login name
o optional encrypted password
o numerical user ID
o numerical group ID
o user name or comment field
o user home directory
o optional user command interpreter
The encrypted password field may be blank, in which case no password is required to authenticate as the specified login name. However, some
applications which read the /etc/passwd file may decide not to permit any access at all if the password field is blank. If the password
field is a lower-case "x", then the encrypted password is actually stored in the shadow(5) file instead; there must be a corresponding line
in the /etc/shadow file, or else the user account is invalid. If the password field is any other string, then it will be treated as an
encrypted password, as specified by crypt(3).
The comment field is used by various system utilities, such as finger(1).
The home directory field provides the name of the initial working directory. The login program uses this information to set the value of
the $HOME environmental variable.
The command interpreter field provides the name of the user's command language interpreter, or the name of the initial program to execute.
The login program uses this information to set the value of the $SHELL environmental variable. If this field is empty, it defaults to the
value /bin/sh.
FILES
/etc/passwd
User account information.
/etc/shadow
optional encrypted password file
/etc/passwd-
Backup file for /etc/passwd.
Note that this file is used by the tools of the shadow toolsuite, but not by all user and password management tools.
SEE ALSO
crypt(3), getent(1), getpwnam(3), login(1), passwd(1), pwck(8), pwconv(8), pwunconv(8), shadow(5), su(1), sulogin(8).
File Formats and Conversions 06/24/2011 PASSWD(5)