09-21-2006
I am very appreciative that you are all helping me with this. Let me first explain what I am trying to accomplish, and then let me ask for clarification about vmstat and top.
I am a middleware sys admin (not a Unix admin). I do a daily healthcheck of the Solaris servers where my software (MQSeries) runs. In addition to looking at specific MQ logs and queues, I also look at some system-level stats, including CPU and memory usage. This is not a "scientific" look; rather, it's a point-in-time peek that has allowed me to develop a "baseline" of normal operations. I look at the system-level stuff because 1) these are dedicated middleware servers & nothing else runs on them and 2) MQ & related software spawns many processes (that's why I don't just look at one process).
This approach has helped me catch problems several times.
My specific question about vmstat and top is about interpreting the data. (Remember, I'm not a unix admin!)
Here is vmstat output:
r b w swap free re mf pi po fr de sr m1 m1 m1 m2 in sy cs us sy id
0 0 0 5622568 1636016 38 137 5 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 258 1235 307 1 1 99
I *think* this means that I have 5.6 Gb of total memory available, of which 1.6 Gb is free.
Here is the top output:
Memory: 2048M real, 1555M free, 4099M swap free
I *think* this means that I have 2.0 GB of physical memory, of which 1.5 Gb is free AND I have 4.1 GB of swap that is also free.
I must not understand how to read these outputs, eh?
Gratefully yours,
Shirley
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FREE(1) User Commands FREE(1)
NAME
free - Display amount of free and used memory in the system
SYNOPSIS
free [options]
DESCRIPTION
free displays the total amount of free and used physical and swap memory in the system, as well as the buffers and caches used by the ker-
nel. The information is gathered by parsing /proc/meminfo. The displayed columns are:
total Total installed memory (MemTotal and SwapTotal in /proc/meminfo)
used Used memory (calculated as total - free - buffers - cache)
free Unused memory (MemFree and SwapFree in /proc/meminfo)
shared Memory used (mostly) by tmpfs (Shmem in /proc/meminfo)
buffers
Memory used by kernel buffers (Buffers in /proc/meminfo)
cache Memory used by the page cache and slabs (Cached and SReclaimable in /proc/meminfo)
buff/cache
Sum of buffers and cache
available
Estimation of how much memory is available for starting new applications, without swapping. Unlike the data provided by the cache or
free fields, this field takes into account page cache and also that not all reclaimable memory slabs will be reclaimed due to items
being in use (MemAvailable in /proc/meminfo, available on kernels 3.14, emulated on kernels 2.6.27+, otherwise the same as free)
OPTIONS
-b, --bytes
Display the amount of memory in bytes.
-k, --kibi
Display the amount of memory in kibibytes. This is the default.
-m, --mebi
Display the amount of memory in mebibytes.
-g, --gibi
Display the amount of memory in gibibytes.
--tebi Display the amount of memory in tebibytes.
--pebi Display the amount of memory in pebibytes.
--kilo Display the amount of memory in kilobytes. Implies --si.
--mega Display the amount of memory in megabytes. Implies --si.
--giga Display the amount of memory in gigabytes. Implies --si.
--tera Display the amount of memory in terabytes. Implies --si.
--peta Display the amount of memory in petabytes. Implies --si.
-h, --human
Show all output fields automatically scaled to shortest three digit unit and display the units of print out. Following units are
used.
B = bytes
K = kibibyte
M = mebibyte
G = gibibyte
T = tebibyte
P = pebibyte
If unit is missing, and you have exbibyte of RAM or swap, the number is in tebibytes and columns might not be aligned with header.
-w, --wide
Switch to the wide mode. The wide mode produces lines longer than 80 characters. In this mode buffers and cache are reported in two
separate columns.
-c, --count count
Display the result count times. Requires the -s option.
-l, --lohi
Show detailed low and high memory statistics.
-s, --seconds delay
Continuously display the result delay seconds apart. You may actually specify any floating point number for delay using either .
or , for decimal point. usleep(3) is used for microsecond resolution delay times.
--si Use kilo, mega, giga etc (power of 1000) instead of kibi, mebi, gibi (power of 1024).
-t, --total
Display a line showing the column totals.
--help Print help.
-V, --version
Display version information.
FILES
/proc/meminfo
memory information
BUGS
The value for the shared column is not available from kernels before 2.6.32 and is displayed as zero.
Please send bug reports to
<procps@freelists.org>
SEE ALSO
ps(1), slabtop(1), top(1), vmstat(8).
procps-ng 2016-06-03 FREE(1)